Photoprotective compositions containing malassezia-derived compounds and/or chemical analogs thereof
The present invention relates to compounds, compositions, and methods for modulating skin pigmentation and treating or preventing UV-induced skin damage, erythema, aging of the skin, sunburn, and hyperpigmentation in a subject. The compounds, compositions, and methods of the present invention generally involve Malassezia -derived compounds, including malassezin and indirubin, and/or chemical analogs thereof. Other applications of the compounds and compositions disclosed herein include, but are not limited to, improving hyperpigmentation caused by a hyperpigmentation disorder, inducing melanocyte apoptosis, and modulating arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activity, melanogenesis, melanin production, melanosome biogenesis, melanosome transfer, melanocyte activity, and melanin concentration.
1. A method for brightening skin in a subject comprising contacting the subject with a composition, wherein the composition comprises one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of:
or a crystalline form, hydrate, or pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salt thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of:
or a crystalline form, hydrate, or pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salt thereof.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of:
or a pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salt thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of:
or a pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salt thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a compound of the following structure:
or a pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salt thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a compound of the following structure:
or a pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salt thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a compound of the following structure:
or a pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salt thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a compound of the following structure:
or a pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salt thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a compound of the following structure:
or a pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salt thereof.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a compound of the following structure:
or a pharmaceutically or cosmetically acceptable salt thereof.