Three dimensional x-ray imaging system
Three dimensional x-ray imaging systems are described in this application. In particular, this application describes a 3D dental intra-oral imaging (3DIO) system that collects a series of 2D image projections. The x-ray imaging system comprises a housing, an x-ray source attached to a articulating or motion gantry configured to move the source within the housing to multiple positions, an x-ray detector array located on an opposite side of an object to be imaged from the x-ray source, where the detector array is synchronized with the x-ray source to capture 2D images of the object when the x-ray source is located in multiple imaging positions, and a processor configured to accept the 2D images and reconstruct a 3D image. The multiple imaging positions can be located on a plane substantially parallel to the x-ray detector array. Other embodiments are described.
1. An x-ray imaging system, comprising:
an x-ray source attached to a motion gantry configured to move the x-ray source in a circular motion to multiple positions on a first side of an object to be imaged;
a counterweight attached to the motion gantry;
a substantially stationary x-ray detector array located on an opposite side of the object than the x-ray source, the detector array synchronized with the x-ray source to capture two dimensional (2D) images of the object when the x-ray source is located in the multiple positions; and
a processor configured to accept the 2D images and reconstruct a three-dimensional image.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the object is a single tooth or multiple teeth.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the counterweight comprises another x-ray source.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the processor is configured to use tomosynthesis algorithms to reconstruct the 3D image.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the tomosynthesis algorithms comprise an iterative process.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the movement of the x-ray source is partially or completely automated.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system collects up to 1000 2D images.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system collects 6 to 32 2D images.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system collects 9 to 24 2D images.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the system re-positions the x-ray source between the multiple positions within about 40 ms to about 100 ms.
11. A method for making a three dimensional image of an object, comprising:
providing an x-ray source on a motion gantry on a first side of an object to be imaged;
providing a counterweight attached to the motion gantry;
positioning a substantially stationary x-ray detector array on an opposite side of the object;
moving the x-ray source in a circular motion to multiple positions on that first side of the object;
collecting multiple two dimensional (2D) images of the object when the x-ray source is located in the multiple positions; and
reconstructing a three-dimensional (3D) image using the multiple 2D images.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the object is a single tooth or multiple teeth.
13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the processor is configured to use tomosynthesis algorithms to reconstruct the 3D image.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the tomosynthesis algorithms comprise an iterative process.
15. The method of claim 11 , wherein the counterweight comprises another x-ray source.
16. The method of claim 11 , wherein the movement of the x-ray source is partially or completely automated.
17. The method of claim 11 , wherein the system collects up to 1000 2D images.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the system collects 6 to 32 2D images.
19. The method of claim 11 , wherein the system re-positions the x-ray source between the multiple positions within about 40 ms to about 100 ms.
20. The method of claim 12 , wherein the entire process for image capture and 3D reconstruction for a single tooth can be completed in less than about 10 seconds.
21. The method of claim 12 , wherein the entire process for image capture and 3D reconstruction for a single tooth can be completed in less than about 5 seconds.