Functionalized chromatographic materials and methods of making and using therefor
Methods, compositions, devices and kits having a novel chromatographic material are provided herein for separating and identifying organic molecules and compounds, for example molecules and compounds containing electron rich functional groups such as carbon-carbon double bonds. The methods, compositions, and kits include a metal-thiolate chromatographic medium (MTCM) with a sulfur-containing functional group or a metal-selenolate chromatographic medium (MSCM) comprising a selenium-containing functional group covalently attached to a support medium, such that the sulfur-containing functional group or selenium-containing functional group is bound to at least one metal atom. The MTCM and/or MSCM has affinity and specificity to compounds having one or more carbon-carbon double bonds, and performs a highly efficient and rapid separation of samples yielding non-overlapping peaks of purified materials compared to traditional media.
1. A separation system comprising: a chromatographic medium comprising atoms of a transition metal selected from the group consisting of copper, gold and a combination thereof, present as a stationary phase in a pipette or column, wherein the chromatographic medium comprises selenium-containing functional group (MSCM), and wherein the selenium-containing functional group is covalently linked to a support by at least one spacer, and a sample source coupled to the pipette or column comprising a sample to be separated, wherein the sample includes a compound having a functional group.
2. The chromatographic medium according to claim 1 , on a support selected from the group consisting of silica gel, alumina, polystyrene, agarose, modified polymeric resin, cellulose, magnesium silicate, dextran, and starch.
3. The chromatographic medium according to claim 1 , configured as an analytical component of a chromatographic separation system selected from: normal phase chromatography, reversed-phase chromatography, liquid chromatography, planar chromatography, column chromatography, flush chromatography, flash chromatography, thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography, gas chromatography, and solid phase extraction chromatography.
4. The chromatographic medium according to claim 1 , wherein the selenium-containing functional group is linked to the support medium by at least one spacer selected from: (C1-C18)alkyl, (C1-C18)alkoxy, (C1-C18)heteroalkyl, (C6-C10)aryl, (C1-C9)heteroaryl, and (C6-C10)aryl(C1-C6)alkyl.
5. The chromatographic medium according to claim 1 , wherein the MSCM further comprises a covalently modified silicon atom selected from: a (C1-C18)alcohol, a (C1-C18)nitrile, a (C1-C18)carbonyl, a (C1-C18)ester, and a (C1-C18)alkoxy.