Thin film interference pigments with a coating of nanoparticles
An article including a thin film interference pigment; and a coating including a selectively absorbing nanoparticle is disclosed. The article can exhibit increased chromaticity as compared to the thin film interference pigment alone. A method of making the article is also disclosed. The method comprises providing a thin film interference pigment and coating the thin film interference pigment with a selectively absorbing nanoparticle.
1. An article, comprising:
a thin film interference pigment comprising a reflective material chosen from a metal or metal alloy, a dielectric layer, and an absorber layer; and
a coating including a selectively absorbing nanoparticle on the thin film interference pigment, wherein the coating including the selectively absorbing nanoparticle is discontinuous;
wherein the article is a coated thin film interference pigment;
wherein the selectively absorbing nanoparticle is not a metallic nanoparticle; and
wherein the selectively absorbing nanoparticle is a nanoparticle chosen from a dye, a nanoparticle consisting of a metal oxide, a metal carbide, a nanoparticle consisting of a metal sulfide, and combinations thereof.
2. The article of claim 1 , wherein the selectively absorbing nanoparticle is colored.
3. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating includes a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles in which a portion of the selectively absorbing nanoparticles are colored.
4. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating includes a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles in which all of the selectively absorbing nanoparticles are a same color.
5. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating includes a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles of different colors.
6. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating includes a plurality of selectively absorbing nanoparticles that are different one from another.
7. The article of claim 1 , wherein the selectively absorbing nanoparticle is a nanoparticle chosen from a metal carbide, a nanoparticle consisting of a metal sulfide, and combinations thereof.
8. The article of claim 1 , wherein the thin film interference pigment includes a magnetic layer.
9. The article of claim 1 , wherein the coating including the selectively absorbing nanoparticle includes at least one nanoparticle chosen from a titanium dioxide nanoparticle, zinc oxide nanoparticle, silicon dioxide nanoparticle, Al 2 O 3 nanoparticle, and CeO 2 nanoparticle.
10. A method of making an article, comprising:
providing a thin film interference pigment comprising a reflective material chosen from a metal or metal alloy, a dielectric layer, and an absorber layer; and
coating the thin film interference pigment with a coating including a selectively absorbing nanoparticle, wherein the coating including the selectively absorbing nanoparticle is discontinuous;
wherein the article is a coated thin film interference pigment;
wherein the selectively absorbing nanoparticle is not a metallic nanoparticle; and
wherein the selectively absorbing nanoparticle is a nanoparticle chosen from a dye, a nanoparticle consisting of a metal oxide, a metal carbide, a nanoparticle consisting of a metal sulfide, and combinations thereof.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the coating including the selectively absorbing nanoparticle encapsulates a portion of the thin film interference pigment.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein an intensity of a color of the article is increased by a high concentration of the selectively absorbing nanoparticle in the coating.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein an intensity of a color of the article is increased by a fully encapsulating second coating.
14. The method of claim 10 , wherein an intensity of a color of the article is increased by an increased average particle size of the selectively absorbing nanoparticle.
15. The method of claim 10 , providing a layer between the thin film interference pigment and the coating to protect the thin film interference pigment.
16. The method of claim 10 , providing a layer between the thin film interference pigment and the coating to provide a receptive surface for the coating.
17. The method of claim 10 , wherein the thin film interference pigment exhibits a color travel from a high wavelength of light to a low wavelength of light; and wherein the article exhibits a color travel from a low wavelength of light to a high wavelength of light.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein the article exhibits a decrease in lightness and an increase in hue as compared to the thin film interference pigment.
19. The method of claim 10 , further comprising encapsulating the selectively absorbing nanoparticles with a protectant layer.
20. The method of claim 19 , wherein the protecting layer includes a layer of charged polymers, a layer of organic molecules, or a sol-gel layer.
21. The method of claim 10 , wherein the coating step includes providing a layer of a first charged polymer to the thin film interference pigment;
rinsing;
providing a layer of a first charged nanoparticle to the first charged polymer, wherein the first charged nanoparticle material is oppositely charged from the first charged polymer material.
22. The method of claim 10 , further comprising providing a layer to a surface of the thin film interference pigment to inhibit oxidation of the pigment when the thin film interference pigment is exposed to the coating.
23. The method of claim 22 , wherein the layer includes silica, titania, alumina, zirconia, ceria, a polymeric layer, or combinations thereof.
24. An article, comprising:
a thin film interference pigment comprising a reflective material chosen from a metal or metal alloy, a dielectric layer, and an absorber layer; and
a coating including a selectively absorbing nanoparticle on the thin film interference pigment, wherein the coating including the selectively absorbing nanoparticle is discontinuous;
wherein the article is a coated thin film interference pigment; and
wherein the selectively absorbing nanoparticle is a particle chosen from nanoparticles of iron (II, III) oxide, CeO 2 zinc nitride, carbon black, iron oxide, iron sulfide, copper sulfide, perylene, perinone, quinacridone, quinacridonequinone, anthrapyrimidine, anthraquinone, anthanthrone, benzimidazolone, disazo condensation, azo, quinolones, xanthene, azomethine, quinophthalone, indanthrone, phthalocyanine, triarylcarbonium, dioxazine, aminoanthraquinone, isoindoline, diketopyrrolopyrrole, thioindigo, thiazineindigo, isoindoline, isoindolinone, pyranthrone, isoviolanthrone, miyoshi methane, triarylmethane, and mixtures thereof.