Oxygenated aromatic amines and use as antioxidants
Described are compounds, compositions, and methods that include oxygenated aromatic amines, such as an aminophenol-, phenyl-p-phenylenediamine-, and diaminobenzene-based compound useful as antioxidants. The oxygenated aromatic amine includes a secondary and/or tertiary amine group having a nitrogen that is attached to one or two carbon-containing group(s), the carbon-containing group(s) having a hydroxyl and/or ether group separated from the nitrogen by one or more carbon atoms.
1. A method for inhibiting oxidation of an organic compound, the method comprising:
(1a) adding a compound of Formula Ia to a composition comprising an organic compound, the compound of Formula Ia being:
wherein —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 are independently selected from —H, —OH, alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl, and aryl alkyl, or any two adjacent groups of —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 form one or more ring structures;
wherein both of R 6 and R 7 are of the formula: —(CR 10 2 ) q (CHOH) (CH 2 ) z R 11 , wherein R 10 is independently selected from —H and alkyl, q and z are independently 0 (a covalent bond) or an integer in the range of 1-12, and R 11 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C24 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, aryl, alkyl-aryl, and aryl-alkyl; or
wherein one or both of R 6 and R 7 are of the formula: —(CR 10 2 ) q (CHOH)(R 12 O) z R 11 , wherein R 10 is independently selected from —H and alkyl, q is 0 (a covalent bond) or an integer in the range of 1-12, R 11 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C24 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, aryl, alkyl-aryl, and aryl-alkyl, and R 12 is independently selected from —(CH 2 ) w —, wherein w is 1, 2, or 3, and z is an integer in the range of 1-5; and one of R 6 and R 7 is optionally —H, alkyl, aryl, alkyl-aryl, aryl-alkyl, or a carbon-containing group including one or more hydroxyl group(s) separated from the N atom by one or more carbon atoms; or
(1b) adding a compound of Formula Ib to a composition comprising an organic compound, the compound of Formula Ib being:
wherein —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 are independently selected from —H, OH, alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl and aryl alkyl, and —NR 8 R 9 , wherein R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from —H, alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl and aryl alkyl, and R 6 /R 7 as described herein, or any two adjacent groups of —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 form one or more ring structures;
wherein one or both of R 6 and R 7 include at least two oxygens, at least one oxygen in the form of an ether group, and at least one oxygen in the form of a hydroxyl group, wherein the one or more hydroxyl group(s) are separated from the N atom by one or more carbon atoms, wherein one or both of R 6 and R 7 are of the formula —(CR 10 2 ) q (CHOH)(R 12 O) z R 11 , wherein R 10 is independently selected from —H and alkyl, q is 0 (a covalent bond) or an integer in the range of 1-12, R 11 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C24 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, aryl, alkyl-aryl, and aryl-alkyl, and R 12 is independently selected from —(CH 2 ) w —, wherein w is 1, 2, or 3, and z is an integer in the range of 1-5;
wherein the compound of Formula Ia or Formula Ib inhibits oxidation of the organic compound in the composition, and wherein
(I) the organic compound is present in a lubricant composition,
(II) the organic compound is present in a fuel composition that is a gasoline or a gasoline blend comprises pyrolysis gasoline, a refined product of pyrolysis gasoline, ethanol, or a combination thereof, or
(III) the organic compound is present in (a) a rubber composition, a plastic composition, or an adhesive composition, or (b) a food or beverage composition.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the organic compound comprises an ethylenically unsaturated group, the organic compound being an olefin or alkene.
3. The method of claim 1 wherein the organic compound is present in (I) or (II).
4. The method of claim 1 wherein the compound of Formula Ia or Formula Ib is present in the composition in an amount in the range of 1 ppm to 5000 ppm.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein the compound of Formula Ia or Formula Ib is present in the composition in an amount in the range of 10 ppm to 2500 ppm, or optionally in an amount in the range of 50 ppm to 1500 ppm.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein at least one of —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 is —OH.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein Formula Ia or Formula Ib, the one or more hydroxyl group(s) are separated from the N atom by two or more carbon atoms.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the one or more hydroxyl group(s) are separated from the N atom by two carbon atoms.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 that is or are not —OH are —H.
10. The method of claim 1 wherein Formula Ia both of R 6 and R 7 are of the formula: —(CR 10 2 ) q (CHOH)(CH 2 ) z R 11 .
11. The method of claim 10 wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of: 4-bis[(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxypropyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxybutyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxypentyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxyhexyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxy-2-phenyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxyheptyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxyoctyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxynonyl)amino]phenol,4-bis[(2-hydroxydecyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxyundecyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxydodecyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxytridecyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxytetradecyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxypentadecyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxyhexadecyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxyheptadecyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxyoctadecyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxyeleyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxynonadecyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxyeicosyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxyheneicosyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(2-hydroxydocosyl)amino]phenol, and 4-bis[(2-hydroxytricosyl)amino]phenol.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein Formula Ia, both of R 6 and R 7 are of the formula: —(CR 10 2 ) q (CHOH)(R 12 O) z R 11 .
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein q is 0 (a covalent bond), 1, or 2.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein Formula Ia R 10 is —H, q is 1; s is 1; w is 1 or 2, and R 11 is C1-C18 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, aryl, alkyl-aryl, and aryl-alkyl.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of 4-bis[(3-methoxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-ethoxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-propoxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-butoxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-pentyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-hexyloxy-2-hydroxy propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-heptyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-octyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-nonyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-decyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-undecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-dodecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-tridecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-tetradecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-pentadecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-hexadecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-heptadecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-octadecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-eleyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-nonadecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-eicosyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-heneicosyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, 4-bis[(3-docosyloxy-2-hydroxy-propyl)amino]phenol, and 4-bis[(3-tricosyloxy-2-hydroxy propyl)amino]phenol.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein Formula Ib at least one of —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 is NR 8 R 9 .
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the compound is selected from the group consisting of 1,4-bis[3-methoxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-ethoxy-2-hydroxy-ethylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-propoxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 4-bis[3-butoxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-pentyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-hexyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-heptyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-octyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-nonyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-decyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-undecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-dodecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-tridecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-tetradecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-pentadecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-hexadecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[(3-heptadecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-octadecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-eleyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-nonadecyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-eicosyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-heneicosyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, 1,4-bis[3-docosyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene, and 1,4-bis[3-tricosyloxy-2-hydroxy-propylamino]benzene.
18. The method of claim 1 wherein the compound of Formula Ib is prepared by reacting an aryl-group containing reactant from the group consisting of 4-aminophenol, 1,4-diaminobenzene (p-phenylenediamine), and dimethyl-4-phenylenediamine with a carbon and oxygen-containing reactant that comprises an oxirane- and oxitane-containing reactant of Formula II:
wherein R 13 is —(CH 2 )— or —(CH 2 CH 2 )—, wherein R 14 is —(CH 2 ) w —, wherein w is an integer in the range of 1-3, t is an integer in the range of 1-100, and wherein R 15 is R 10 , as described herein.
19. The method of claim 1 wherein Formula Ia q and z are independently 0, 1, or 2; and R 11 is C1-C18 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, aryl, alkyl-aryl, and aryl-alkyl.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein Formula Ia both of R 6 and R 7 are the (1) carbon-containing group including one or more hydroxyl group(s) separated from the N atom by one or more carbon atoms, or wherein Formula Ib both of R 6 and R 7 are of the formula —(CR 10 2 ) q (CHOH)(R 12 O) z R 11 .
21. A method for inhibiting oxidation of an organic compound, the method comprising:
(1a) adding a compound of Formula Ia to a composition comprising an organic compound, the compound of Formula Ia being:
wherein —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 are independently selected from —H, —OH, alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl, and aryl alkyl, wherein at least one of —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 is —OH, or any two adjacent groups of —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 form one or more ring structures;
wherein both of R 6 and R 7 are carbon-containing groups including one or more hydroxyl group(s) separated from the N atom by one or more carbon atoms; or
(1b) adding a compound of Formula Ib to a composition comprising an organic compound, the compound of Formula Ib being:
wherein —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 are independently selected from —H, —OH, alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl and aryl alkyl, and —NR 8 R 9 , wherein R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from —H, alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl and aryl alkyl, and R 6 /R 7 as described herein, or any two adjacent groups of —R 1 , R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 form one or more ring structures, and wherein at least one of —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 is —OH;
wherein both of R 6 and R 7 include at least two oxygens, at least one oxygen in the form of an ether group, and at least one oxygen in the form of a hydroxyl group, wherein the one or more hydroxyl group(s) are separated from the N atom by one or more carbon atoms;
wherein the compound of Formula Ia or Formula Ib inhibits oxidation of the organic compound in the composition.
22. A method for inhibiting oxidation of an organic compound, the method comprising:
(1a) adding a compound of Formula Ia to a composition comprising an organic compound, the compound of Formula Ia being:
wherein —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 are independently selected from —H, —OH, alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl, and aryl alkyl, or any two adjacent groups of —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and R 5 form one or more ring structures;
wherein one or both of R 6 and R 7 are:
(I) of the formula: —(CR 10 2 ) q (CHOH)(CH 2 ) z R 11 , R 10 is independently selected from —H and alkyl, wherein q and z are independently 0 (a covalent bond), or an integer in the range of 1-12, and R 11 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C24 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, aryl, alkyl-aryl, and aryl-alkyl,
(II) of the formula: —(CR 10 2 ) q (CHOH)(R 12 O) z R 11 , R 10 is independently selected from —H and alkyl, q is 0 (a covalent bond) or an integer in the range of 1-12, R 11 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C24 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, aryl, alkyl-aryl, and aryl-alkyl, and R 12 is independently selected from —(CH 2 ) w —, wherein w is 1, 2, or 3, and z is an integer in the range of 1-5; or
(1b) adding a compound of Formula Ib to a composition comprising an organic compound, the compound of Formula Ib being:
wherein —R 1 , —R 3 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 are independently selected from —H, —OH, alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl and aryl alkyl, and —NR 8 R 9 , wherein R 8 and R 9 are independently selected from —H, alkyl, aryl, alkyl aryl and aryl alkyl, and R 6 /R 7 as described herein, or any two adjacent groups of —R 1 , —R 2 , —R 3 , —R 4 , and —R 5 form one or more ring structures;
wherein one or both of R 6 and R 7 are of the formula: —(CR 10 2 ) q (CHOH)(R 12 O) z R 11 , R 10 is independently selected from —H and alkyl, q is 0 (a covalent bond) or an integer in the range of 1-12, R 11 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C24 linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl, aryl, alkyl-aryl, and aryl-alkyl, and R 12 is independently selected from —(CH 2 ) w —, wherein w is 1, 2, or 3, and z is an integer in the range of 1-5;
wherein the compound of Formula Ia or Formula Ib inhibits oxidation of the organic compound in the composition.