Surfactant compositions and use thereof
Surfactants capable of releasing and/or dissolving polymers to form water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer solutions are disclosed. In addition, polymer compositions containing a water-in-oil emulsion comprising the surfactant are provided and can be used, for example, in methods of dissolving a polymer. Also disclosed are detergent compositions and methods of cleaning articles and/or membranes using the surfactants herein. These surfactants and polymer compositions can be used in various industries including for water clarification, papermaking, sewage and industrial water treatment, drilling mud stabilizers, and enhanced oil recovery.
1. A compound having has the structure of Formula 3:
wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 5 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, alkoxyl, or Z; and
Z 1 , Z 2 , and Z independently have a structure of moiety A or moiety B:
wherein
X is —O— or —N(R 10 )—;
n is an integer from 0 to 5;
R 6 and R 9 are independently hydrogen or alkyl;
R 7 is alkyl, or —(CH 2 )z-O—R 11 ,
R 8 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, or aryl;
R 10 is hydrogen, alkyl, or Z;
R 11 is hydrogen or alkyl;
m is an integer from 3 to 20;
z is an integer from 1 to 10.
2. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 5 are independently hydrogen or C 1 to C 4 alkyl.
3. The compound of claim 2 , wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 5 are hydrogen.
4. The compound of claim 2 , wherein R 6 and R 9 are hydrogen.
5. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 8 is hydrogen or methyl.
6. The compound of claim 1 , wherein R 7 is —(CH 2 )z-O—R 11 and z is 1 to 3.
7. The compound of claim 6 , wherein R 11 is C 4 to C 22 alkyl.
8. The compound of claim 7 , wherein X is —O— or —N(R 10 )—.
9. The compound of claim 8 , wherein X is —O—.
10. The compound of claim 8 , wherein X is —N(R 10 )— and R 10 is hydrogen.
11. The compound of claim 1 , wherein Z has the structure of moiety A, X is —O—, n is 0, R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , R 5 are hydrogen, R 6 and R 9 are hydrogen, R 7 is (CH 2 )z-O—R 11 , z is 1, R 8 is hydrogen, R 11 is 2-ethylhexyl, and m is an integer from 7 to 13.
12. A compound of Formula 4 having the following structure:
wherein
R 1 , R 2 , R 4 , and R 5 are independently hydrogen, alkyl, or alkoxyl;
Z 1 is has a structure of moiety C
Z 2 has a structure of moiety D
n is an integer from 0 to 5;
R 7 is alkyl, or —(CH 2 )z-O—R 11 ,
R 8 is independently hydrogen, alkyl, or aryl;
R 11 is hydrogen or alkyl;
m is an integer from 3 to 30; and
z is an integer from 0 to 6.
13. The compound of claim 12 , wherein n is 0, R 7 is —(CH 2 )z-O—R 11 , R 8 is hydrogen, Rug is 2-ethylhexyl, m is an integer from 10 to 30, and z is 1.
14. A polymer composition comprising:
a water-in-oil emulsion comprising an aqueous phase comprising water and a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer, and an oil phase comprising an oil and an emulsifying agent; and an inversion surfactant comprising the compound of claim 1 .
15. A detergent composition comprising a building agent and a surfactant, the surfactant comprising the compound of claim 1 .
16. A method of cleaning a membrane, the method comprising contacting the membrane with a cleaning composition, the cleaning composition comprising the compound of claim 1 .