Method and system for protecting honey bees from pesticides
A method and system for the treatment of honey bees ( Apis mellifera ), bats, and butterflies protects them from various life threatening conditions, including Colony Collapse Disorder, white nose syndrome, etc. and in particular, provides honey bees, bats and butterflies with the ability to assimilate and degrade pesticides such as neonicotinoids and fipronil.
1. A method for providing a honey bee with the ability to assimilate pesticides, comprising, inoculating a honey bee with a culture of pesticide degrading bacteria, wherein the pesticide degrading bacteria include genes whose expression by the pesticide degrading bacteria results in the degradation of the pesticide, said pesticide degrading bacteria being modified to include said genes using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) CRISPR associated protein (Cas) system or using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) from prevotella and francisella 1 (Cpf1) nuclease.
2. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said genes express cytochrome P450 enzymes.
3. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein said genes comprise P450 genes of the CYP6 and CYP3 clade.
4. The method as set forth in claim 3 wherein the genes are selected from the group of CYP6ER1, CYP6G1, CYP6Y3, and CYP353D1v2.
5. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the genes are selected from the group consisting of CYP6AS1, CYP6AS3, CYP6AS4, CYP6AS10, CYP9Q1, CYP9Q2 and CYP9Q3.
6. A method for providing a honey bee with the ability to assimilate pesticides, comprising, inoculating a honey bee with a culture of pesticide degrading bacteria, wherein the pesticide degrading bacteria include genes whose expression by the pesticide degrading bacteria results in the degradation of the pesticide, and said pesticide degrading bacteria being modified to include said genes using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) CRISPR associated protein (Cas) system.
7. The method as set forth in claim 6 , wherein said genes express cytochrome P450 enzymes.
8. The method as set forth in claim 6 , wherein said genes comprise P450 genes of one of the CYP6 and CYP3 clades.
9. The method as set forth in claim 8 , wherein the genes are selected from the group of CYP6ER1, CYP6G1, CYP6Y3, and CYP353D1v2.
10. The method as set forth in claim 6 , wherein the genes are selected from the group consisting of CYP6AS1, CYP6AS3, CYP6AS4, CYP6AS10, CYP9Q1, CYP9Q2 and CYP9Q3.
11. A method for providing a honey bee with the ability to assimilate pesticides, comprising, inoculating the gut of a honey bee with a culture of microbes that normally inhabit the honey bee gut, said microbes possessing the ability to degrade at least one pesticide, said microbes comprising pesticide degrading bacteria that have genes selected from the group consisting of a CYP353D1v2 gene and a SCL3-10 nitrile hydratase beta subunit gene, and wherein the pesticide degrading microbes have been modified using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) CRISPR associated protein (Cas) system or using a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) from prevotella and francisella 1 (Cpf1) nuclease such that the expression of said genes results in the degradation by said microbes of at least one pesticide.
12. The method as set forth in claim 11 , wherein the expressed gene is the CYP353D1v2 gene.
13. The method as set forth in claim 11 , wherein the expressed gene is the SCL3-10 nitrile hydratase beta subunit gene.
14. The method as set forth in claim 8 , wherein the genes comprise P450 genes of the CYP6 clade.
15. The method as set forth in claim 8 , wherein the genes comprise P450 genes of the CYP3 clade.
16. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the genes are selected from the group consisting of CYP6AS1, CYP6AS3, CYP6AS4, CYP6AS10, CYP9Q1, CYP9Q2, CYP9Q3; CYP6ER1, CYP6G1, CYP6Y3, CYP353D1v2 and SCL3-10 nitrile hydratase beta subunit gene.
17. The method as set forth in claim 1 , wherein the pesticide degrading bacteria is selected from the group consisting of: Lactobacillus spp, Bifidobacterium sp., Gilliamella apicola and Snodgrassella alvi.
18. The method as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising employing a different CRISPR-Cas9/CRISPR-Cpf1 to ameliorate pathogens in the honey bee gut.
19. The method as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising employing a different CRISPR-Cas9/CRISPR-Cpf1 to delete antibiotic resistance genes transferred to pathogenic bacteria in the honey bee gut.
20. The method as set forth in claim 1 , further comprising improving honey bee fitness by modifying the honey bee microbiome by using a different CRISPR-Cas9/CRISPR-Cpf1 to select and modify microbial communities to positively affect honey bee fitness.