Flexible high-density mapping catheter tips and flexible ablation catheter tips with onboard high-density mapping electrodes
Flexible high-density mapping catheter tips and flexible ablation catheter tips with onboard high-density mapping electrodes are disclosed. These tips can be used for diagnosing and treating cardiac arrhythmias. The flexible, distal tips are adapted to conform to tissue and comprise a plurality of microelectrodes mounted to permit relative movement among at least some of the microelectrodes. The flexible tip portions may comprise a flexible framework forming a flexible array of microelectrodes (for example, a planar or cylindrical array) adapted to conform to tissue and constructed at least in part from nonconductive material in some embodiments. The flexible array of microelectrodes may be formed from a plurality of rows of longitudinally-aligned microelectrodes. The flexible array may further comprise, for example, a plurality of electrode-carrying arms or electrode-carrier bands. Multiple flexible frameworks may be present on a single device. A delivery adapter having an internal compression cone is also disclosed.
1. A high-density mapping catheter comprising:
a catheter shaft comprising a proximal end and a distal end, the catheter shaft defining a catheter shaft longitudinal axis extending between the proximal end and the distal end;
a flexible tip portion fixed adjacent to the distal end of the catheter shaft, the flexible tip portion comprising a flexible framework forming a plurality of electrode-carrying arms fixed adjacent to the distal end of the catheter shaft to prevent longitudinal movement between the electrode-carrying arms and the distal end of the catheter shaft, wherein each of the plurality of electrode-carrying arms has a Nitinol understructure and each of the plurality of electrode-carrying arms converges with at least one other of the plurality of electrode-carrying arms at a distal end of the flexible tip portion; and
a plurality of microelectrodes mounted on the plurality of electrode-carrying arms and forming a flexible, planar array of microelectrodes adapted to conform to tissue, wherein the plurality of microelectrodes are configured for use as mapping electrodes and the flexible framework is configured to facilitate relative movement among at least some of the plurality of microelectrodes relative to other of the plurality of microelectrodes.
2. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of microelectrodes are arranged in a plurality of rows, wherein each row is distributed along a different one of the plurality of electrode-carrying arms and the plurality of rows is aligned parallel to the catheter shaft longitudinal axis.
3. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 2 , wherein the plurality of electrode-carrying arms are configured to maintain the plurality of microelectrodes in the plurality of rows in a spaced relationship such that each of the plurality of microelectrodes can capture separate data about the electrical activity of cardiac tissue adjacent to the plurality of microelectrodes.
4. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of electrode-carrying arms includes nonconductive material that insulates each of the plurality of microelectrodes from other of the plurality of microelectrodes.
5. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of microelectrodes comprise between four and sixty-four individual microelectrodes.
6. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 1 , further comprising at least one ring electrode mounted on the catheter shaft adjacent to the flexible, planar array of microelectrodes.
7. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 1 , further comprising at least one location sensor.
8. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 7 , wherein the at least one location sensor is mounted in or on at least one of the following: the catheter shaft and the distal end of the flexible tip portion.
9. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 7 , wherein the at least one location sensor is a magnetic field sensor.
10. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 1 , wherein the flexible, planar array of microelectrodes comprises a two-sided planar array of microelectrodes, wherein the microelectrodes are configured for contacting tissue on a front side and a back side of the planar array.
11. The high-density mapping catheter of claim 1 , wherein the microelectrodes are ring electrodes.
12. The high-density catheter of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of microelectrodes are equally spaced along each of the plurality of electrode-carrying arms.
13. The high-density catheter of claim 1 , wherein at least one of the plurality of microelectrodes is further configured for sending pacing signals to cardiac tissue.
14. The high-density catheter of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of microelectrodes are further configured for use in unipolar or bipolar ablation.
15. The high-density catheter of claim 14 , further comprising a temperature sensor.
16. The catheter of claim 14 , further comprising an irrigation port configured to deliver an irrigant on or adjacent to the planar array of microelectrodes.
17. The catheter of claim 14 , further comprising an internal fluid delivery lumen configured to be fluidly coupled to a source of irrigant and configured to deliver the irrigant to the flexible tip assembly.