Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge, and electrophotographic apparatus
Provided is an electrophotographic photosensitive member improved both in wear resistance and in image unevenness. The electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, and a photosensitive layer and a surface layer on the support, wherein the surface layer is a cured product of a composition containing a compound represented by the formula (A) and a charge-transporting substance having at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, a methoxy group, an amino group, a thiol group, and a carboxyl group.
1. An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising:
a support;
a photosensitive layer; and
a surface layer,
the photosensitive layer and the surface layer being arranged on the support,
wherein the surface layer is a cured product of a composition containing:
a compound represented by the formula (A); and
a charge-transporting substance having at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, a methoxy group, an amino group, a thiol group, and a carboxyl group:
in the formula (A), R A1 and R A2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, R A1 and R A2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, R A3 represents an alkyl group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms, and R A4 and R A5 each represent an alkylene group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms.
2. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1 , wherein the charge-transporting substance has at least one group selected from a hydroxyalkyl group, a hydroxyalkoxy group, and a hydroxyphenyl group that may have a substituent.
3. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1 , wherein the composition further contains at least one kind selected from a guanamine compound and a melamine compound each having one of a hydroxyalkyl group and a hydroxyalkoxy group.
4. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1 , wherein the surface layer contains the cured product of the composition, and fluorine atom-containing resin particles.
5. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1 , wherein a content ratio of the charge-transporting substance with respect to the composition is 50 mass % or more.
6. A process cartridge comprising:
an electrophotographic photosensitive member; and
at least one unit selected from the group consisting of a charging unit, a developing unit, and a cleaning unit,
the process cartridge integrally supporting the electrophotographic photosensitive member and the at least one unit, and being removably mounted onto a main body of an electrophotographic apparatus,
wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, and a photosensitive layer and a surface layer on the support, and
wherein the surface layer is a cured product of a composition containing:
a compound represented by the formula (A); and
a charge-transporting substance having at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, a methoxy group, an amino group, a thiol group, and a carboxyl group:
in the formula (A), R A1 and R A2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, R A1 and R A2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, R A3 represents an alkyl group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms, and R A4 and R A5 each represent an alkylene group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms.
7. An electrophotographic apparatus comprising:
an electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising;
a charging unit;
an exposing unit;
a developing unit; and
a transferring unit,
wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member includes a support, and a photosensitive layer and a surface layer on the support, and
wherein the surface layer is a cured product of a composition containing:
a compound represented by the formula (A); and
a charge-transporting substance having at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxy group, a methoxy group, an amino group, a thiol group, and a carboxyl group:
in the formula (A), R A1 and R A2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, R A1 and R A2 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, R A3 represents an alkyl group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms, and R A4 and R A5 each represent an alkylene group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms.