Multi-beam base station antennas having wideband radiating elements
A twin beam base station antenna includes a first array that has a plurality of columns of first frequency band radiating elements, the first array configured to form a first antenna beam that provides coverage throughout a first sub-sector of a three-sector base station. The radiating elements in a first of the columns in the first array have a first azimuth boresight pointing direction and the radiating elements in a second of the columns in the first array have a second azimuth boresight pointing direction that is offset from the first azimuth boresight pointing direction by at least 10°. The radiating elements in the second of the columns in the first array are electrically steered.
1. A twin beam base station antenna that is configured to split a sector of a three-sector base station into first and second sub-sectors, comprising:
a first radio frequency (“RF”) port;
a first array that includes a first plurality of columns of first frequency band radiating elements, where each column in the first plurality of columns of first frequency band radiating elements is coupled to the first RF port, the first array configured to form a first antenna beam that provides coverage throughout the first sub-sector; and
a second RF port and a second array that includes a second plurality of columns of first frequency band radiating elements, where each column in the second plurality of columns of first frequency band radiating elements is coupled to the second RF port, the second array configured to form a second antenna beam that provides coverage throughout the second sub-sector,
wherein the radiating elements in a first of the columns in the first array have a first azimuth boresight pointing direction and the radiating elements in a second of the columns in the first array have a second azimuth boresight pointing direction that is offset from the first azimuth boresight pointing direction by at least 10°, and
wherein the radiating elements in the second of the columns in the first array are electrically steered.
2. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 1 , further comprising a column of second frequency band radiating elements, the column of second frequency band radiating elements configured to generate a third antenna beam having an azimuth half power beamwidth that is about twice the azimuth half power beamwidth of the first antenna beam.
3. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 2 , further comprising an additional column of first frequency band radiating elements, the additional column of first frequency band radiating elements configured to generate a fourth antenna beam having an azimuth half power beamwidth that is about twice an azimuth half power beamwidth of the first antenna beam.
4. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 1 , further comprising a backplane that includes a reflector, wherein the first of the columns in the first array is on a first section of the reflector that is perpendicular to an azimuth boresight pointing direction of the twin beam base station antenna and the second of the columns in the first array is on a second section of the reflector that is angled at least 15° from the first section.
5. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 4 , wherein a first of the columns in the second array is on a third section of the reflector that is perpendicular to the azimuth boresight pointing direction of the twin beam base station antenna and a second of the columns in the second array is on a fourth section of the reflector that is angled at least 15° from the third section.
6. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 5 , wherein a peak gain of the first antenna beam occurs at an azimuth angle that is offset by at least 30° from an azimuth angle where a peak gain of the second antenna beam occurs.
7. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 4 , further comprising:
a first column of second frequency band radiating elements;
a second column of second frequency band radiating elements; and
wherein the first column of second frequency band radiating elements is on a first portion of the reflector that is perpendicular to an azimuth boresight pointing direction of the twin beam base station antenna and the second column of second frequency band radiating elements is on a second portion of the reflector that is perpendicular to the azimuth boresight pointing direction of the twin beam base station antenna.
8. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 7 , wherein the first portion of the reflector and the second portion of the reflector are each positioned rearwardly of a forward most portion of the reflector.
9. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 1 , wherein the radiating elements in the second of the columns in the first array are electrically steered toward the first azimuth boresight pointing direction.
10. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 1 , wherein the radiating elements in the second of the columns in the first array are electrically steered in an azimuth direction by a fixed amount.
11. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 1 , further comprising a shared column of radiating elements that is part of the first array and the second array.
12. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 1 , further comprising a backplane that includes a reflector, wherein the reflector includes a first longitudinally-extending section that is perpendicular to an azimuth boresight pointing direction of the twin beam base station antenna, a second longitudinally-extending section that directly connects to a left side of the first longitudinally-extending section, the second longitudinally-extending section being oriented at a first oblique angle with respect the first longitudinally-extending section, and a third longitudinally-extending section that directly connects to a right side of the first longitudinally-extending section, the third longitudinally-extending section being oriented at a second oblique angle with respect to the first longitudinally-extending section.
13. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 12 , wherein the first oblique angle is within 5° of the second oblique angle.
14. The twin beam base station antenna of claim 1 , wherein the first array is on a right side of the twin beam base station antenna and the first sub-sector is on the left side of the sector.
15. A base station antenna, comprising:
a first radio frequency (“RF”) port;
a first array that includes a first column of radiating elements and a second column of radiating elements that are both coupled to the first RF port; and
a backplane that includes a reflector, the reflector having a first longitudinally extending section that is perpendicular to an azimuth boresight pointing direction of the base station antenna and a second longitudinally extending section that is angled in an azimuth plane by at least 15° from the first longitudinally extending section of the reflector,
wherein the radiating elements in the first column are mounted to extend forwardly from the first longitudinally extending section of the reflector, and the radiating elements of the second column are mounted to extend forwardly from the second longitudinally extending section of the reflector, and
wherein the first and second columns of radiating elements are configured to generate respective first and second radiation patterns that have pointing directions that are within about 10° of each other in the azimuth plane.
16. The base station antenna of claim 15 , wherein the first and second radiation patterns form at least part of a first antenna beam that provides coverage to half of a sector of a three-sector base station.
17. The base station antenna of claim 15 , further comprising:
a second RF port;
a second array that includes a third column of radiating elements and a fourth column of radiating elements that are both coupled to the second RF port,
wherein the reflector further includes a third longitudinally extending section that is spaced apart from the first longitudinally-extending section and that is perpendicular to the azimuth boresight pointing direction of the base station antenna, and a fourth longitudinally extending section that is angled in the azimuth plane by at least 15° from the third longitudinally extending section of the reflector,
wherein the radiating elements in the third column are mounted to extend forwardly from the third longitudinally extending section of the reflector, and the radiating elements of the fourth column are mounted to extend forwardly from the fourth longitudinally extending section of the reflector.
18. The base station antenna of claim 17 , further comprising a shared column of radiating elements that is coupled to the first RF port and to the second RF port, the shared column of radiating elements being part of the first array and part of the second array.
19. The base station antenna of claim 17 , wherein the base station antenna is configured to split a sector of a three-sector base station into first and second sub-sectors, and the first array is on a right side of the base station antenna and the first sub-sector is on a left side of the sector.
20. The base station antenna of claim 15 , wherein the radiating elements in the first and second columns of radiating elements are first frequency band radiating elements, the base station antenna further comprising a column of second frequency band radiating elements, the column of second frequency band radiating elements configured to generate a third antenna beam having an azimuth half power beamwidth that is about twice an azimuth half power beamwidth of a first antenna beam generated by the first array.
21. The base station antenna of claim 20 , further comprising an additional column of first frequency band radiating elements, the additional column of first frequency band radiating elements configured to generate a fourth antenna beam having an azimuth half power beamwidth that is about twice an azimuth half power beamwidth of the first antenna beam.
22. The base station antenna of claim 15 , wherein the radiating elements in the second column of radiating elements are electrically steered in the azimuth direction and the radiating elements in the first column of radiating elements are not electrically steered in the azimuth direction.