Terahertz illumination source for terahertz imaging

1. A terahertz illumination source for terahertz imaging, the terahertz illumination source comprising:

a surface;

a plurality of terahertz radiation emitting elements mounted to said surface;

a plurality of individual beam shaping elements each being optically coupled to a respective one of said terahertz radiation emitting elements;

a collective beam shaper optically coupled to at least some of said individual beam shaping elements; and

a control signal generator communicatively coupled to said terahertz radiation emitting elements, said control signal generator supplying a plurality of control signals to said terahertz radiation emitting elements, said plurality of terahertz radiation emitting elements emitting a plurality of individual terahertz radiation beams being collected and redirected successively by said individual beam shaping elements and said collective beam shaper, at least one of said terahertz radiation emitting elements and said control signals being configured so that said individual terahertz radiation beams are incoherent with respect to one another.

2. The terahertz illumination source of claim 1 wherein at least one of said individual beam shaping elements and said collective beam shaper is refractive.

3. The terahertz illumination source of claim 1 wherein said individual beam shaping elements are stacked on respective ones of said individual terahertz radiation emitting elements.

4. The terahertz illumination source of claim 1 wherein said collective beam shaper is stacked on corresponding individual beam shaping elements.

5. The terahertz illumination source of claim 1 wherein said individual terahertz illumination beams form a terahertz illumination beam having a nominal wavelength and a coherence length below about a hundred times said nominal wavelength.

6. The terahertz illumination source of claim 5 wherein said control signals are different from one another so as to provide individual terahertz radiation beams of different wavelengths, thereby reducing said coherence length of said terahertz illumination beam.

7. The terahertz illumination source of claim 5 wherein at least some of said terahertz radiation emitting elements are configured to emit individual terahertz radiation beams of different spectral contents, thereby reducing said coherence length of said terahertz illumination beam.

8. The terahertz illumination source of claim 1 wherein said terahertz radiation emitting elements include a high-electron-mobility semiconductor material.

9. A terahertz illumination source for terahertz imaging, the terahertz illumination source comprising:

a surface;

a plurality of terahertz radiation emitting elements mounted to said surface; and

a control signal generator communicatively coupled to said terahertz radiation emitting elements, the control signal generator supplying a plurality of control signals to said terahertz radiation emitting elements, said plurality of terahertz radiation emitting elements emitting a plurality of individual terahertz radiation beams, the control signal generator modulating a phase of said individual terahertz illumination beams to control a resulting, collective terahertz illumination beam.

10. The terahertz illumination source of claim 9 wherein said modulating causes said collective terahertz illumination beam to be steered towards a target.

11. The terahertz illumination source of claim 9 wherein said modulating causes said collective terahertz illumination beam to be focused towards a target.

12. The terahertz illumination source of claim 9 wherein said terahertz radiation emitting elements include a high-electron-mobility semiconductor material.

13. The terahertz illumination source of claim 9 further comprising a plurality of individual beam shaping elements each being optically coupled to a respective one of said terahertz radiation emitting elements, and a collective beam shaper optically coupled to at least some said individual beam shaping elements, said individual terahertz radiation beams being collected and redirected successively by said individual beam shaping elements and said collective beam shaper.

14. The terahertz illumination source of claim 13 wherein at least one of said individual beam shaping elements and said collective beam shaper are refractive.

15. The terahertz illumination source of claim 13 wherein said individual beam shaping elements are stacked on respective ones of said individual terahertz radiation emitting elements.

16. The terahertz illumination source of claim 13 wherein said collective beam shaper is stacked on corresponding individual beam shaping elements.

17. The terahertz illumination source of claim 9 further comprising a phase delayer receiving a main control signal from the control signal generator and generating the plurality of control signals based on the main control signal such that the plurality of control signals have phase delays relative to one another.

18. The terahertz illumination source of claim 9 further comprising a phase delayer receiving the plurality of control signals from the control signal generator and phase delaying the plurality of control signals from one another such that the plurality of control signals have phase delays relative to one another.