Fluid end with integrated valve seat
This disclosure presents a pump body, such as a fluid end housing used in a reciprocating pump, which provides an integral seating or engagement surface (or a valve seat integrated with the pump body) for a valve member. The integral engagement surface removes the need for a separate, replaceable valve seat and can last as long as the service life of the fluid end housing. This saves multiple maintenance services during the service life of the fluid end housing, along with the associated down time, labor costs, and material costs for the new valve seats. The integral engagement surface thus performs as an integral valve seat to the pump body. In some embodiments, the integral engagement surface may be coated, heat-treated, or otherwise modified to increase its wear resistance, such as by including one or more wear-resistant inserts to at least partially contact the valve member.
1. A fluid end for discharging fluids from a first side to a second side, the fluid end comprising:
a monolithic pump body including:
an inlet channel on the first side,
an outlet channel on the second side,
a chamber connecting the inlet channel to the outlet channel, and
a pressure variation channel in fluid connection with the chamber;
a valve member; and
an engagement surface formed in an interior surface of the monolithic pump body in the inlet channel or the outlet channel,
the engagement surface being sealable with the valve member, and
the valve member being reciprocatably movable into and out of engagement with the engagement surface.
2. The fluid end of claim 1 , further comprising:
an insert forming at least a portion of the engagement surface, wherein the insert is more wear resistant than the monolithic pump body.
3. The fluid end of claim 1 , wherein at least a portion of the interior surface of the monolithic pump body is sealable with the valve member.
4. The fluid end of claim 1 ,
wherein the engagement surface is a first engagement surface in the inlet channel, and
wherein the fluid end further comprises a second engagement surface in the outlet channel.
5. The fluid end of claim 1 , further comprising:
a valve spring biasing the valve member toward the engagement surface into a sealing engagement configuration; and
an adaptor connecting the pressure variation channel to a packing assembly and a plunger configured to reciprocate in the packing assembly to produce a pressure variation actuating the valve member to disengage the engagement surface and actuating fluids to flow through the chamber.
6. The fluid end of claim 1 , further comprising:
a suction cover sealing an access channel extending from the chamber,
the suction cover being opposite to the pressure variation channel.
7. The fluid end of claim 6 , wherein the access channel is sized to allow for assembly of and access to a plunger.
8. A fluid end body, comprising:
a first external surface,
wherein the fluid end body is monolithic;
a second external surface opposite the first external surface;
a first through channel extending between the first external surface and the second external surface;
a third external surface facing toward a supply of fluids;
a fourth external surface facing toward a discharge of fluids, the fourth external surface opposite of the third external surface; and
a second through channel extending between the third external surface and the fourth external surface;
wherein the second through channel includes a first engagement surface configured to receive a first valve member,
the first engagement surface being embedded in an interior surface of the second through channel.
9. The fluid end of claim 1 , wherein the monolithic pump body is a solid pump body.
10. The fluid end body of claim 8 , wherein the second through channel further includes a second engagement surface configured to receive a second valve member.
11. The fluid end body of claim 8 , further comprising:
at least one insert forming at least a portion of the first engagement surface.
12. The fluid end body of claim 11 , wherein the at least one insert includes one or more of tungsten carbide, ceramics, zirconia, or heat treated stainless steel.
13. The fluid end body of claim 11 , wherein the at least one insert includes one or more steps configured to fit inside the first engagement surface.
14. The fluid end body of claim 11 , wherein the at least one insert comprises two or more annular inserts spaced apart and fitted inside corresponding grooves in the fluid end body.
15. The fluid end body of claim 11 , wherein the at least one insert fits inside a cavity of the fluid end body,
the cavity including a bottom wall and a side wall.
16. The fluid end body of claim 11 , wherein the at least one insert is formed of three separate and different materials.
17. The fluid end body of claim 11 , wherein the at least one insert comprises a plurality of radial segments.
18. The fluid end body of claim 11 , wherein the at least one insert extends inside the second through channel and is configured to be in contact with one or more legs of the first valve member.
19. The fluid end body of claim 8 , wherein the fluid end body is monolithic in being solid.
20. A pump assembly, comprising:
a crankshaft housing; and
a fluid end housing that includes a monolithic fluid end body,
the monolithic fluid end body including:
a first external surface;
a second external surface opposite the first external surface;
a first through channel extending between the first external surface and the second external surface;
a third external surface facing toward a supply of fluids;
a fourth external surface facing toward a discharge of fluids,
wherein the fourth external surface is opposite of the third external surface; and
a second through channel extending between the third external surface and the fourth external surface;
wherein the second through channel includes a first engagement surface configured to receive a first valve member,
the first engagement surface being embedded in an interior surface of the second through channel.