Mixed exposure for large die
Techniques and arrangements for performing exposure operations on a wafer utilizing both a stepper apparatus and an aligner apparatus. The exposure operations are performed with respect to large composite base dies, e.g., interposers, defined within the wafer, where the interposers will become a part of microelectronic devices by coupling with active dies or microchips. The composite base dies may be coupled to the active dies via “native interconnects” utilizing direct bonding techniques. The stepper apparatus may be used to perform exposure operations on active regions of the composite base dies to provide a fine pitch for the native interconnects, while the aligner apparatus may be used to perform exposure operations on inactive regions of the composite base dies to provide a coarse pitch for interfaces with passive regions of the composite base dies.
1. A method comprising:
performing, by a stepper apparatus, a first exposure operation on a first layer of a wafer with respect to a first active region of a first base die defined in the wafer;
moving a reticle of the stepper apparatus over a second active region of a second base die defined in the wafer;
performing, by the stepper apparatus, the first exposure operation on the first layer of the wafer with respect to the second active region of the second base die defined in the wafer; and
performing, by an aligner apparatus, a second exposure operation on the first layer of the wafer with respect to a first inactive region of the first base die defined in the wafer and a second inactive region of the second base die defined in the wafer.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
prior to the stepper apparatus performing the first exposure operation and the second exposure operation, providing, by the aligner apparatus, a pattern on the wafer for use by the stepper apparatus.
3. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
performing, by the stepper apparatus, a third exposure operation on a second layer of the wafer with respect to the first active region of the first base die defined in the wafer;
moving the reticle of the stepper apparatus over the second active region of the second base die defined in the wafer;
performing, by the stepper apparatus, the third exposure operation on the second layer of the wafer with respect to the second active region of the second base die defined in the wafer; and
performing, by the aligner apparatus, a fourth exposure operation on the second layer of the wafer with respect to the first inactive region of the first base die defined in the wafer and the second inactive region of the second base die defined in the wafer.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein:
the stepper apparatus performs the first exposure operation and then the aligner apparatus performs the second exposure operation; and
the stepper apparatus performs the third exposure operation and then the aligner apparatus performs the fourth exposure operation.
5. The method of claim 3 , wherein the stepper apparatus performs the first and third exposure operations prior to the aligner apparatus performing the second and fourth exposure operations.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
defining, by the aligner apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the first active region of the first base die;
defining, by the aligner apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the first inactive region of the first base die;
defining, by the aligner apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the first active region of the second base die; and
defining, by the aligner apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the first inactive region of the second base die.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein at least some of the TSVs are continuous.
8. The method of claim 6 , wherein at least some of the TSVs are disjointed.
9. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
defining, by the stepper apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the first active region of the first base die; and
defining, by the stepper apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the second active region of the second base die.
10. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
performing, by a direct imaging apparatus, a third exposure operation on a third layer of the wafer with respect to the first inactive region of the first base die defined in the wafer and the second inactive region of the second base die defined in the wafer.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first base die and the second base die comprise interposers.
12. An arrangement comprising:
a stepper apparatus; and
an aligner apparatus,
wherein the arrangement is configured to perform actions comprising:
performing, by the stepper apparatus, a first exposure operation on a first layer of a wafer with respect to a first active region of a first base die defined in the wafer;
moving a reticle of the stepper apparatus over a second active region of a second base die defined in the wafer;
performing, by the stepper apparatus, the first exposure operation on the first layer of the wafer with respect to the second active region of the second base die defined in the wafer; and
performing, by the aligner apparatus, a second exposure operation on the first layer of the wafer with respect to a first inactive region of the first base die defined in the wafer and a second inactive region of the second base die defined in the wafer.
13. The arrangement of claim 12 , wherein the actions further comprise:
prior to the stepper apparatus performing the first exposure operation and the second exposure operation, providing, by the aligner apparatus, a pattern on the wafer for use by the stepper apparatus.
14. The arrangement of claim 12 , wherein the actions further comprise:
performing, by the stepper apparatus, a third exposure operation on a second layer of the wafer with respect to the first active region of the first base die defined in the wafer;
moving the reticle of the stepper apparatus over the second active region of the second base die defined in the wafer;
performing, by the stepper apparatus, the third exposure operation on the second layer of the wafer with respect to the second active region of the second base die defined in the wafer; and
performing, by the aligner apparatus, a fourth exposure operation on the second layer of the wafer with respect to the first inactive region of the first base die defined in the wafer and the second inactive region of the second base die defined in the wafer.
15. The arrangement of claim 14 , wherein:
the stepper apparatus performs the first exposure operation and then the aligner apparatus performs the second exposure operation; and
the stepper apparatus performs the third exposure operation and then the aligner apparatus performs the fourth exposure operation.
16. The arrangement of claim 14 , wherein the stepper apparatus performs the first and third exposure operations prior to the aligner apparatus performing the second and fourth exposure operations.
17. The arrangement of claim 12 , wherein the actions further comprise:
defining, by the aligner apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the first active region of the first base die;
defining, by the aligner apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the first inactive region of the first base die;
defining, by the aligner apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the second active region of the second base die; and
defining, by the aligner apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the second inactive region of the second base die.
18. The arrangement of claim 17 , wherein at least some of the TSVs are continuous.
19. The arrangement of claim 17 , wherein at least some of the TSVs are disjointed.
20. The arrangement of claim 12 , wherein the actions further comprise:
defining, by the stepper apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the first active region of the first base die; and
defining, by the stepper apparatus, through silicon vias (TSVs) in the second active region of the second base die.
21. The arrangement of claim 12 , wherein the actions further comprise:
performing, by a direct imaging apparatus, a third exposure operation on a third layer of the wafer with respect to the first inactive region of the first base die defined in the wafer and the second inactive region of the second base die defined in the wafer.
22. The arrangement of claim 12 , wherein the first base die and the second base die comprise interposers.