Electrophotographic photosensitive member, process cartridge and electrophotographic image forming apparatus

1. An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprising a conductive supporting member, a photosensitive layer and a protective layer in this order,

wherein the protective layer comprises a polymer of a composition comprising

a hole transporting compound having two or more (meth)acryloyloxy groups and

a compound represented by the following formula (1):

wherein R11 and R12 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 8 or less carbon atoms; R13 and R14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 4 or less carbon atoms; R15 and R17 each independently represent an alkylene group having 2 or more and 6 or less carbon atoms; and R16 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

2. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1 , wherein a content of the compound represented by the formula (1) in the composition is 1.0% by mass or lower based on a total mass of the composition.

3. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1 , wherein the hole transporting compound having two or more (meth)acryloyloxy groups is a compound represented by the following formula (2):

wherein R21 and R22 each independently represent an alkyl group having 2 or more and 8 or less carbon atoms; R23 and R24 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 4 or less carbon atoms; R25 and R27 each independently represent an alkylene group having 3 or more and 6 or less carbon atoms; and R26 and R28 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

4. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a compound represented by the following formula (3):

wherein R31 and R32 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms, an aryl group having a substituent, or an unsubstituted aryl group; the substituent of the aryl group having a substituent is an alkyl group having 4 or less carbon atoms; R31 and R32 may be bound to each other to form a ring; R33 represents an alkyl group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms; R34 and R35 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and R36 and R37 each independently represent an alkylene group having 1 or more and 4 or less carbon atoms.

5. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 4 , wherein a content of the compound represented by the formula (3) in the composition is 5.0% by mass or higher and 50.0% by mass or lower based on a total mass of the composition.

6. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises any of compounds represented by the following formulas (4) to (6):

wherein in the formulas (4) to (6), Z represents a monovalent group represented by the following formula (7):

in the formula (7), n represents an integer of 0 to 6, and R71 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group;

in the formula (4), a represents an integer of 3 to 6, and R41 represents an a-valent group formed by removing a hydrogen atom from an alkane; and

in the formula (5), b represents an integer of 3 to 6, R51 represents a hydroxy group or an alkyl group, and X represents a hexavalent group represented by the following formula (8):

7. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 6 , wherein a content of the compounds represented by the formulas (4) to (6) in the composition is 5.0% by mass or higher and 50.0% by mass or lower based on a total mass of the composition.

8. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 4 , wherein at least one of R31 and R32 in the compound represented by the formula (3) is an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms.

9. A process cartridge integrally supporting an electrophotographic photosensitive member and at least one unit selected from the group consisting of a charging unit, a developing unit and a cleaning unit, and being detachably attachable to a main body of an electrophotographic apparatus,

wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a conductive supporting member, a photosensitive layer and a protective layer in this order, and

the protective layer comprises

a polymer of a composition comprising a hole transporting compound having two or more (meth)acryloyloxy groups and

a compound represented by the following formula (1):

wherein R11 and R12 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 8 or less carbon atoms; R13 and R14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 4 or less carbon atoms; R15 and R17 each independently represent an alkylene group having 2 or more and 6 or less carbon atoms; and R16 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.

10. An electrophotographic image forming apparatus comprising an electrophotographic photosensitive member and at least one unit selected from the group consisting of a charging unit, an exposure unit, a developing unit and a transfer unit,

wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a conductive supporting member, a photosensitive layer and a protective layer in this order; and

the protective layer comprises

a polymer of a composition comprising a hole transporting compound having two or more (meth)acryloyloxy groups and

a compound represented by the following formula (1):

wherein R11 and R12 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 or more and 8 or less carbon atoms; R13 and R14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 4 or less carbon atoms; R15 and R17 each independently represent an alkylene group having 2 or more and 6 or less carbon atoms; and R16 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.