Microscale metallic CNT templated devices and related methods
A method for forming a microscale device may include growing, by a chemical vapor deposition, a patterned forest of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, wherein the patterned forest defines a component of the microscale device, and applying a conformal non-metal coating to the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes throughout the patterned forest, wherein the conformal non-metal coating comprises a substantially uniform thickness along a length of the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes. The method may also include connecting adjacent vertically aligned carbon nanotubes together with the conformal non-metal coating without filling interstices between the adjacent vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, wherein the connecting of the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes is configured to increase a strength of the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes of the patterned forest above a threshold level to withstand forces applied during a wet etching process, and infiltrating the interstices between the adjacent vertically aligned carbon nanotubes with a metallic material.
1. A method, comprising:
growing, by a chemical vapor deposition, a patterned forest of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, wherein the patterned forest defines a component of a microscale device;
applying a conformal non-metal coating to the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes throughout the patterned forest;
connecting adjacent vertically aligned carbon nanotubes with the conformal non-metal coating without filling interstices between the adjacent vertically aligned carbon nanotubes, wherein the connecting of the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes is configured to increase a strength of the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes of the patterned forest above a threshold level to withstand forces applied during a wet etching process; and
infiltrating the interstices between the adjacent vertically aligned carbon nanotubes with a metallic material.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conformal non-metal coating comprises silicon or silicon nitride.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the conformal non-metal coating is a ceramic material.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the metallic material is nickel.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein a height of the vertically aligned carbon nanotubes is between 3 microns and 9 microns.
6. A method, comprising:
growing a patterned forest of intertwined carbon nanotubes;
applying a conformal non-metal coating to the intertwined carbon nanotubes throughout the patterned forest;
infiltrating the patterned forest with a first interstitial material that is different than the non-metal coating, wherein the first interstitial material at least partially fills interstices between the intertwined carbon nanotubes;
applying a sacrificial layer over a first portion of the patterned forest; and
electrodepositing a second interstitial material on a second portion of the patterned forest.
7. The method of claim 6 , further comprising electrically isolating the first portion of the patterned forest from the second portion of the patterned forest.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising electropolishing the second portion before applying the sacrificial layer over the first portion.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the sacrificial layer is deposited between the first portion and the second portion.
10. The method of claim 6 , wherein the second interstitial material is electrodeposited between the first portion and the second portion.
11. The method of claim 6 , wherein the second interstitial material is electrodeposited over the first portion.
12. The method of claim 6 , further comprising removing the sacrificial layer, wherein the removing of the sacrificial layer creates a sensing gap between the first portion and the second portion.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the sensing gap is a capacitive sensing gap between a resonator of a microscale sensing device and a sense electrode of the microscale sensing device, wherein the resonator is configured to sense a change in resonant frequency.
14. The method of claim 12 , wherein the sensing gap comprises a height-to-width ratio of at least 100:1.
15. A method for forming a device, comprising:
applying a catalyst to a substrate to create a pattern on a substrate;
initiating growth of carbon nanotubes from the catalyst;
at least partially coating the carbon nanotubes with a conformal non-metal coating forming a connect between the carbon nanotubes for an increase in strength of the carbon nanotubes during a wet etching process, wherein interstices between the carbon nanotubes remain; and
interlocking the carbon nanotubes together by infiltrating the carbon nanotubes with a metal material, wherein the metal material at least partially fills the interstices between the carbon nanotubes.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein infiltrating the interstices between the carbon nanotubes with a metallic material increases the strength of the carbon nanotubes above a threshold level to withstand forces applied during the wet etching process.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the infiltrating is performed by a nickel sulfamate bath or a nickel chloride bath.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein a height-to-width ratio of the carbon nanotubes is in a range from 100:1 to 200:1.
19. The method of claim 15 , wherein the conformal non-metal coating is carbon.
20. The method of claim 15 , wherein the conformal non-metal coating is applied by a pulsed current.