Process for producing a bio-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer, entirely from bio-based materials

1. A process for producing a bio-based polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer from terephthalic acid obtained from at least one bio-based material, and at least one ethylene glycol compound obtained from at least one bio-based material, the process comprising:

polymerizing the terephthalic acid and the at least one ethylene glycol compound through an esterification reaction in the presence of isosorbide as a crystallization retarding compound to form the bio-based PET polymer,

wherein the isosorbide is obtained from at least one bio-based material.

2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the isosorbide is present in an amount from 0.05 to 7 mol % of the bio-based PET polymer.

3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the at least one bio-based material is selected from the group consisting of sugars, starches, corns, natural fibers, sugarcanes, beets, citrus fruits, woody plants, cellulosic-containing compounds, lignocellulosic-containing compounds, hemicellulosic containing compounds, oily wood feedstock, polysaccharides, and combinations thereof.

4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the process further comprises:

processing the bio-based PET polymer into a bio-based PET product selected from the group consisting of PET granules, a PET resin, a PET fiber, a PET preform, a PET packaging, a PET container, and combinations thereof.

5. The bio-based PET polymer obtained by the process according to claim 1 .

6. The bio-based PET product obtained by the process according to claim 4 .

7. The process according to claim 3 , wherein the polysaccharides are selected from the group consisting of pectin, chitin, levan, pullulan, and combinations thereof.

8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the isosorbide is present in an amount from 0.1 to 4 mol % of the bio-based PET polymer.

9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the terephthalic acid is 25 to 75 wt. % of the bio-based PET polymer and the at least one ethylene glycol compound is 20 to 50 wt. % of the bio-based PET polymer.

10. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the terephthalic acid is 30 to 70 wt. % of the bio-based PET polymer and the at least one ethylene glycol compound is 25 to 45 wt. % of the bio-based PET polymer.

11. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the terephthalic acid is 40 to 65 wt. % of the bio-based PET polymer and the at least one ethylene glycol compound is 25 to 35 wt. % of the bio-based PET polymer.

12. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the bio-based PET polymer comprises at least about 0.1 dpm/gC of C-14.

13. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the bio-based PET polymer further comprises a supplementary component selected from the group consisting of at least one coloring agent, at least one fast reheat additive, at least one gas barrier additive, at least one UV blocking additive, and a combination thereof.

14. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the PET container is a product selected from a bottle, a cup, and combinations thereof.

15. The process according to claim 4 , wherein the PET packaging is a film.

16. The process according to claim 4 further comprising shaping the PET packaging.

17. The process according to claim 4 further comprising:

mixing the bio-based PET polymer comprising bio-based PET chips and granules with a recycled PET polymer comprising recycled PET chips and granules,

wherein the bio-based PET chips and granules are mixed with the recycled PET chips and granules.

18. The process according to claim 4 further comprising:

heating the bio-based PET granules in a solid-state polycondensation reaction under vacuum in an atmosphere,

wherein the atmosphere is a low oxidizing atmosphere.

19. The process according to claim 4 further comprising:

processing the PET resin into a PET preform,

wherein the PET preform forms at least one of the PET packaging or the PET container.