Systems and methods for vascular diagnosis using blood flow magnitude and/or direction
Systems and methods are disclosed for diagnosing and treatment planning for vascular steal syndromes and retrograde flow, One method includes receiving a reference blood flow direction at a location in a reference vasculature; determining a patient-related brood flow direction at a location in a patient's vasculature corresponding to the location in the reference vasculature; determining a difference in direction, between the reference blood flow direction of the reference vasculature and the patient-related blood flow direction of the patient's vasculature; and generating a representation of the location in the patient's vasculature associated with the difference in direction between the reference blood flow direction and the patient-related blood flow direction, or generating a treatment recommendation for the patient's vasculature based on the difference in direction between the reference blood flow direction and the patient-related blood flow direction.
1. A computer-implemented method of determining blood flow deviation in a patient's vasculature, the method comprising:
receiving a patient-specific anatomic model of at least a portion of a patient's vasculature;
modifying the patient-specific anatomic model to create a plurality of modified models, wherein each of the plurality of modified models includes a respective proposed treatment of a plurality of proposed treatments for a condition other than vascular steal syndrome;
receiving (1) a first reference blood flow magnitude indicating an amount of blood flow at a predetermined first location of a population-based reference vasculature, and (2) a second reference blood flow magnitude indicating an amount of blood flow at a predetermined second location of the population-based reference vasculature;
calculating a reference relative blood flow magnitude by comparing the first reference blood flow magnitude to the second reference blood flow magnitude;
for each modified model of the plurality of modified models:
(a) simulating, non-invasively, ( 1 ) a respective first patient-specific blood flow magnitude indicating a first amount of blood flow at a first location of the patient's vasculature corresponding to the predetermined first location of the population-based reference vasculature, and ( 2 ) a respective second patient-specific blood flow magnitude indicating a second amount of blood flow at a second location of the patient's vasculature corresponding to the predetermined first location of the population-based reference vasculature;
(b) determining a respective patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude by comparing the respective first patient-specific blood flow magnitude to the respective second patient-specific blood flow magnitude; and
(c) determining whether the respective proposed treatment induces vascular steal by determining a difference or ratio between the reference relative blood flow magnitude and the respective patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude; and
based on the determination of whether each of the respective proposed treatments induces vascular steal, providing a recommendation of at least one proposed treatment of the plurality of proposed treatments.
2. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , further comprising:
receiving a physiological state associated with the patient;
receiving the reference relative blood flow magnitude based on the physiological state; and
for each of modified model of the plurality of modified models, determining the respective patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude based on the physiological state.
3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the respective proposed treatment for at least one of the plurality of modified models includes a vascular geometry different from a geometry of the patient's vasculature or a physiological state different from the physiological state at which the respective first patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude is determined.
4. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein at least one proposed treatment of the plurality of proposed treatments includes a stent.
5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the respective proposed treatment for at least one modified model of the plurality of modified models includes adding one or more additional branches of a portion of the patient's vasculature.
6. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein the respective proposed treatment for at least one modified model of the plurality of modified models includes a bypass graft.
7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1 , wherein providing the recommendation of at least one proposed treatment of the plurality of proposed treatments includes determining which of the respective proposed treatments has a lowest likelihood of inducing vascular steal.
8. A system for determining blood flow deviation in a patient's vasculature, the system comprising:
at least one data storage device storing instructions for determining blood flow deviation in a patient's vasculature; and
at least one processor configured to execute the instructions to perform operations including:
receiving a patient-specific anatomic model of at least a portion of a patient's vasculature;
modifying the patient-specific anatomic model to create a plurality of modified models, wherein each of the plurality of modified models includes a respective proposed treatment of a plurality of proposed treatments for a condition other than vascular steal syndrome;
receiving (1) a first reference blood flow magnitude indicating an amount of blood flow at a predetermined first location of a population-based reference vasculature, and (2) a second reference blood flow magnitude indicating an amount of blood flow at a predetermined second location of the population-based reference vasculature;
calculating a reference relative blood flow magnitude by comparing the first reference blood flow magnitude to the second reference blood flow magnitude;
for each modified model of the plurality of modified models:
(a) simulating, non-invasively, (1) a respective first patient-specific blood flow magnitude indicating a first amount of blood flow at a first location of the patient's vasculature corresponding to the predetermined first location of the population-based reference vasculature, and (2) a respective second patient-specific blood flow magnitude indicating a second amount of blood flow at a second location of the patient's vasculature corresponding to the predetermined first location of the population-based reference vasculature;
(b) determining a respective patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude by comparing the respective first patient-specific blood flow magnitude to the respective second patient-specific blood flow magnitude; and
(c) determining whether the respective proposed treatment induces vascular steal by determining a difference or ratio between the reference relative blood flow magnitude and the respective patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude; and
based on the determination of whether each of the respective proposed treatments induces vascular steal, providing a recommendation of at least one of proposed treatment of the plurality of proposed treatments.
9. The system of claim 8 , the operations further comprising:
receiving a physiological state associated with the patient;
receiving the reference relative blood flow magnitude based on the physiological state; and
for each of modified model of the plurality of modified models, determining the respective patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude based on the physiological state.
10. The system of claim 8 , wherein the proposed treatment for at least one model of the plurality of modified models includes a vascular geometry different from a geometry of the patient's vasculature or a physiological state different from the physiological state at which the respective first patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude is determined.
11. The system of claim 8 , wherein at least one proposed treatment of the plurality of proposed treatments includes a stent.
12. The system of claim 8 , wherein the respective proposed treatment for at least one modified model of the plurality of modified models includes adding one or more additional branches of a portion of the patient's vasculature.
13. The system of claim 8 , wherein the respective proposed treatment for at least one modified model of the plurality of modified models includes a bypass graft.
14. The system of claim 8 , wherein providing the recommendation of at least one proposed treatment of the plurality of proposed treatments includes determining which of the respective proposed treatments has a lowest likelihood of inducing vascular steal.
15. A non-transitory computer readable medium for use on a computer system containing computer-executable programming instructions for performing operations determining blood flow deviation in a patient's vasculature, the operations comprising:
receiving a patient-specific anatomic model of at least a portion of a patient's vasculature;
modifying the patient-specific anatomic model to create a plurality of modified models, wherein each of the plurality of modified models includes a respective proposed treatment of a plurality of proposed treatments for a condition other than vascular steal syndrome;
receiving (1) a first reference blood flow magnitude indicating an amount of blood flow at a predetermined first location of a population-based reference vasculature, and (2) a second reference blood flow magnitude indicating an amount of blood flow at a predetermined second location of the population-based reference vasculature;
calculating a reference relative blood flow magnitude by comparing the first reference blood flow magnitude to the second reference blood flow magnitude;
for each modified model of the plurality of modified models:
(a) simulating, non-invasively, (1) a respective first patient-specific blood flow magnitude indicating a first amount of blood flow at a first location of the patient's vasculature corresponding to the predetermined first location of the population-based reference vasculature, and (2) a respective second patient-specific blood flow magnitude indicating a second amount of blood flow at a second location of the patient's vasculature corresponding to the predetermined first location of the population-based reference vasculature;
(b) determining a respective patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude by comparing the respective first patient-specific blood flow magnitude to the respective second patient-specific blood flow magnitude; and
(c) determining whether the respective proposed treatment induces vascular steal by determining a difference or ratio between the reference relative blood flow magnitude and the respective patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude; and
based on the determination of whether each of the respective proposed treatments induces vascular steal, providing a recommendation of at least one of proposed treatment of the plurality of proposed treatments.
16. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15 , the operations further comprising:
receiving a physiological state associated with the patient;
receiving the reference relative blood flow magnitude based on the physiological state; and
for each of modified model of the plurality of modified models, determining the respective patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude based on the physiological state.
17. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 16 , wherein the proposed treatment for at least one model of the plurality of modified models includes a vascular geometry different from a geometry of the patient's vasculature or a physiological state different from the physiological state at which the respective first patient-specific relative blood flow magnitude is determined.
18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15 , wherein at least one proposed treatment of the plurality of proposed treatments includes a stent.
19. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15 , wherein the respective proposed treatment for at least one modified model of the plurality of modified models includes adding one or more additional branches of a portion of the patient's vasculature.
20. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 15 , wherein the respective proposed treatment for at least one modified model of the plurality of modified models includes a bypass graft.