IP Library › Granted Patent US 12,351,944
Granted Patent B2
US 12,351,944 · App. 17/285,049 · Granted Jul 8, 2025

Two-dimensional perovskites for stable and efficient photovoltaic cells

Inventors: Lingling Mao (Evanston, IL); Weijun Ke (Evanston, IL); Konstantinos Stoumpos (Chicago, IL); Mercouri G. Kanatzidis (Wilmette, IL)
Assignee: Northwestern University
C30B7/14C07F7/003H10F77/211H10K30/10H10K30/40H10K85/50C07B2200/13H10K30/50
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Quick Facts
Patent No.
US 12,351,944
App. No.
17/285,049
Granted
Jul 8, 2025
Kind
B2
Abstract

Two-dimensional halide perovskites are provided. The perovskites have two-dimensional Dion-Jacobson phases and are composed of a plurality of inorganic perovskite layers separated by 3-(aminomethyl)piperidinium (3AMP) and/or 4-(aminomethyl)piperidinium (4AMP) spacer cations. The halide perovskites may have a single perovskitizer cation or mixed perovskitizer cations. Also provided are radiation-absorbing materials comprising the perovskites and photovoltaic cells comprising the radiation-absorbing materials as photoactive materials.

Claims (24)

1. A photovoltaic cell comprising:

(a) a first electrode comprising an electrically conductive material;

(b) a second electrode comprising an electrically conductive material; and

(c) a perovskite in electrical communication with the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the perovskite is a two-dimensional halide perovskite having a Dion-Jacobson phase represented by the formula (I) A′(A) n−1 M n X 3n+1 , wherein A′ is a 3-(aminomethyl)piperidinium cation or a 4-(aminomethyl)piperidinium cation, A is a perovskitizer cation, M is Ge, Sn, Pb, or a combination thereof; X is I, Br, Cl, F, or a combination thereof; n is an integer in a range from 1 to 12; and the perovskite has a structure comprising a plurality of inorganic layers comprising [MX 6 ] 4− octahedra and the perovskitizer cations, wherein the inorganic layers are confined between layers of A′ cations.

2. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1 , wherein M is Pb.

3. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1 , wherein X is I.

4. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1 , wherein A is methyl ammonium (MA), formamidinium (FA), guanidinium (GUA), dimethylammonium (DMA), Rb, or Cs.

5. The photovoltaic cell of claim 2 , wherein A is MA or FA.

6. The photovoltaic cell of claim 1 , wherein A′ is a 3-(aminomethyl)piperidinium cation.

7. The photovoltaic cell of claim 6 , wherein n is in a range from 5 to 7.

8. The photovoltaic cell of claim 6 , wherein n is at least 4.

9. The photovoltaic cell of claim 8 , wherein A is methyl ammonium.

10. The photovoltaic cell of claim 9 , wherein M is Pb and X is I.

11. A photovoltaic cell comprising:

(a) a first electrode comprising an electrically conductive material;

(b) a second electrode comprising an electrically conductive material; and

(c) a perovskite in electrical communication with the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein the perovskite is a two-dimensional halide perovskite having a Dion-Jacobson phase represented by the formula (A′ 1-y A″′ y )(A 1−x A″ x ) n−1 M n X 3n+1 , wherein A′ is a 3-(aminomethyl)piperidinium cation, A″′ is a 4-(aminomethyl)piperidinium cation, A is a first perovskitizer cation, A″ is a second perovskitizer cation, M is Ge, Sn, Pb, or a combination thereof, X is I, Br, Cl, F, or a combination thereof, n is an integer in a range from 1 to 12, 0≤x≤1, and 0≤y≤1, provided that at least one of x and y has a value that is greater than 0 and less than 1, the perovskite having a structure comprising a plurality of inorganic layers comprising [MX 6 ] 4− octahedra and the perovskitizer cations, wherein the inorganic layers are confined between layers of A′ cations.

12. The photovoltaic cell of claim 11 , wherein 0<x<1.

13. The photovoltaic cell of claim 12 , wherein A is methyl ammonium and A″ is formamidinium.

14. The photovoltaic cell of claim 13 , wherein A′ is a 3-(aminomethyl)piperidinium cation.

15. The photovoltaic cell of claim 13 , wherein n is at least 4.

16. The photovoltaic cell of claim 13 , wherein n is in a range from 3 to 7.

17. The photovoltaic cell of claim 16 , wherein M is Pb.

18. The photovoltaic cell of claim 17 , wherein X is I.

Assignments (2)
CONFIRMATORY LICENSE Recorded May 8, 2023
From: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
To: UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY
Reel/Frame 063573/0836 →
ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNOR'S INTEREST Recorded May 18, 2021
From: MAO, LINGLING; KE, WEIJUN; STOUMPOS, KONSTANTINOS; KANATZIDIS, MERCOURI G
To: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY
Reel/Frame 056273/0539 →
Continuity (2)
Provisional Application 62745563 · Oct 15, 2018
Related Publication 20210292344A1 · Sep 23, 2021
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