Carbon fixation systems in plants and algae
Provided are heterologous nucleic acid constructs, vectors and methods for elevating cyclic electron transfer activity, improving carbon concentration, and enhancing carbon fixation in C3 and C4 plants, and algae, and producing biomass or other products from C3 or C4 plants, and algae, selected from among, for example, starches, oils, fatty acids, lipids, cellulose or other carbohydrates, alcohols, sugars, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, fragrance and flavoring compounds, and organic acids, as well as transgenic plants produced thereby. These methods and transgenic plants and algae encompass the expression, or overexpression, of various combinations of genes that improve carbon concentrating systems in plants and algae, such as bicarbonate transport proteins, carbonic anhydrase, light driven proton pump, cyclic electron flow regulators, etc.
1. A method of making a transgenic plant or alga wherein said method comprises expressing, or overexpressing, in a C3 plant, a C4 plant, or an alga, a combination of heterologous nucleotide sequences encoding an ATP dependent bicarbonate anion transporter localized to the plasma membrane wherein the ATP-dependent bicarbonate anion transporter localized to the plasma membrane is a HLA3 protein of sequence SEQ ID NO: 77 or a sequence with at least 80% sequence homology thereto that has a same function; and
a cyclic electron transfer modulator protein wherein the cyclic electron transfer modulator protein is at least one of PGRL1 protein of sequence SEQ ID NO: 1 or a sequence with at least 80% sequence homology thereto that has a same function, a PGR5 protein of sequence SEQ ID NO:3 or a sequence with at least 80% sequence homology thereto that has a same function, a FNR1 protein of sequence SEQ ID NO:96 or a sequence with at least 80% sequence homology thereto that has a same function, a FNR2 protein of sequence SEQ ID NO:97 or a sequence with at least 80% sequence homology thereto that has a same function, and a Fd1 protein of sequence SEQ ID NO:95 or a sequence with at least 80% sequence homology thereto that has a same function.
2. The method of making the transgenic plant or alga of claim 1 further comprising a bicarbonate anion transporter protein localized to the chloroplast envelope wherein the bicarbonate anion transporter localized to the chloroplast envelope is an LCIA protein of sequence SEQ ID NO: 18 or a sequence with at least 80% sequence homology thereto that has a same function.
3. The method of making the transgenic plant or alga of claim 2 further comprising a carbonic anhydrase protein wherein the carbonic anhydrase is a BCA protein of sequence SEQ ID NO: 5 or a sequence with at least 80% sequence homology thereto that has a same function.
4. The method of claim 1 wherein said transgenic plant is a transgenic oilseed plant or a transgenic food crop plant.
5. The method of claim 4 wherein said transgenic plant is selected from the group consisting of plants of the genera Brassica, Camelina, Miscanthus , and Jatropha; Jojoba ( Simmondsia chinensis ), coconut; cotton; peanut; rice; safflower; sesame; soybean; mustard other than Arabidopsis ; wheat; flax (linseed); sunflower; olive; corn; palm; palm kernel; sugarcane; castor bean; switchgrass; Borago officinalis; Echium plantagineum; Cuphea hookeriana; Cuphea pulcherrima; Cuphea lanceolata; Ricinus communis; Coriandrum sativum; Crepis alpina; Vernonia galamensis; Momordica charantia ; and Crambe abyssinica.
6. The method of claim 4 wherein said transgenic plant is selected from the group consisting of wheat, rice, maize (corn), barley, oats, sorghum, rye, and millet; peanuts, chickpeas, lentils, kidney beans, soybeans, lima beans; potatoes, sweet potatoes, and cassavas; soybeans, corn, canola, peanuts, palm, coconuts, safflower, cottonseed, sunflower, flax, olive, and safflower; sugar cane and sugar beets; bananas, oranges, apples, pears, breadfruit, pineapples, and cherries; tomatoes, lettuce, carrots, melons, strawberry, asparagus, broccoli, peas, kale, cashews, peanuts, walnuts, pistachio nuts, almonds; forage and turf grasses; alfalfa, clover; coffee, cocoa, kola nut, poppy; vanilla, sage, thyme, anise, saffron, menthol, peppermint, spearmint and coriander.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said alga is selected from the group consisting of a Chlorella species, a Nannochloropsis species, and a Chlamydomonas species.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein said heterologous nucleotide sequences are codon-optimized for expression in said transgenic plant or alga.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein said transgenic plant or alga exhibits enhanced CO 2 fixation compared to an otherwise identical control plant or alga grown under the same conditions.
10. A transgenic plant or alga made by the method of claim 1 .
11. Biomass or other product from a plant or alga selected from among starches, oils, fatty acids, lipids, cellulose or other carbohydrates, alcohols, sugars, nutraceuticals, pharmaceuticals, fragrance and flavoring compounds, and organic acids, made by the method of claim 1 .