Colorant and additive concentrate carrier system with efficacy over a wide range of polymeric processing temperatures
A concentrate carrier system for adding colorants and/or other additives to resin formulations over a broad range of processing temperatures is described. The carrier system includes at least 20 wt. % of a base acrylate copolymer, such as ethyl-methyl acrylate, provided in combination with less than 55 or less than 30 wt. % of a ring-opened cyclic ester or ether derivative, such as polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkonates, polyglycolide, polylactide, poly(butylene succinate), other aliphatic linear polyesters. The remainder, which may include an optional organic plasticizer such as epoxidized soybean oil, is dedicated to an additive package that may include colorants, property enhancers, and/or non-property fillers.
1. A concentrate and carrier system for use in thermoplastic or thermosetting resin formulations, the concentrate comprising:
an acrylate copolymer comprising at least 20 wt. % of the concentrate;
a ring-opened cyclic ester or ether derivative comprising at least one of: polyhydroxyalkonates, polyglycolide, polylactide, poly(butylene succinate), and any of the foregoing optionally having one or more functional groups pendant thereto, said ring-opened cyclic ester or ether derivative comprising less than 30 wt. % of the concentrate;
an additive package comprising a remainder of the concentrate, said additive package including at least one selected from: colorants, property enhancers, and non-property fillers; and
wherein the concentrate retains a solid form at ambient temperatures and the additive package remains viable in low melting resin systems and engineered resin systems at processing temperatures ranging from 90° C. or less up to at least 200° C.
2. The concentrate of claim 1 wherein the acrylate polymer includes ethyl-methyl acrylate copolymer.
3. The concentrate of claim 1 wherein the acrylate copolymer is less than 50 wt. % of the concentrate.
4. The concentrate of claim 1 wherein the additive package is at least 50 wt. % of the concentrate.
5. The concentrate of claim 1 wherein the additive package is at least 75 wt. % of the concentrate.
6. The concentrate of claim 1 wherein the additive package includes at least one selected from: organic and inorganic pigments, dyes, alumina, mica, perlescent effects, laser markers, and metallocene polyethylene.
7. The concentrate of claim 1 wherein the additive package includes at least one selected from: zinc stearate, calcium-fatty acid, process modifiers, a mold release agent, a biocide, a UV stabilizer, a heat stabilizer, an anti-oxidant, a radical scavenger, an acid scavenger, an anti-static filler, and a conductive filler.
8. The concentrate of claim 1 wherein the additive package includes at least one selected from: calcium carbonate, clay, silica, talcum powder, rice husk ash, and ash.
9. A solid, biodegradable concentrate carrier system for use in thermoplastic or thermosetting resin formulations, the concentrate comprising:
an acrylate copolymer comprising less than 20 wt. % of the concentrate carrier system;
one or more aliphatic linear polyester elements selected from polycaprolactone, polyhydroxyalkonates, polyglycolide, polylactide, poly(butylene succinate), and any of the foregoing optionally having one or more functional groups pendant thereto, said aliphatic linear polyester element(s) cumulatively comprising less than 55 wt. % of the concentrate carrier system;
an additive package comprising a remainder of the concentrate, said additive package including at least one selected from: a plasticizer, a colorant, a property enhancer, and a non-property fillers; and
wherein the concentrate carrier system retains a solid form at ambient temperatures and the additive package remains viable in low melting resin systems and engineered resin systems at processing temperatures ranging from 90° C. or less up to at least 200° C.
10. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein the aliphatic linear polyester element(s) is between 17.0 to 45.0 wt. % of the concentrate carrier system.
11. The concentrate carrier system of claim 10 wherein the aliphatic linear polyester elements are one selected from: polylactide, polybutylene succinate, and either or both of the foregoing having one or more functional groups pendant thereto.
12. The concentrate carrier system of claim 11 wherein the acrylate copolymer is ethyl-methyl acrylate provided at less than 5.0 wt. % of the concentrate carrier system.
13. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein the acrylate copolymer is ethyl-methyl acrylate provided at less than 5.0 wt. % of the concentrate carrier system.
14. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein the aliphatic linear polyester elements are cumulatively less than 30 wt. % of the concentrate carrier system.
15. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein the aliphatic linear polyester element is polyhydroxyalkonates optionally having one or more functional groups pendant thereto.
16. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein the aliphatic linear polyester element is polyglycolide optionally having one or more functional groups pendant thereto.
17. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein the aliphatic linear polyester element is polylactide optionally having one or more functional groups pendant thereto.
18. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein the aliphatic linear polyester element is poly(butylene succinate) optionally having one or more functional groups pendant thereto.
19. The concentrate carrier system of claim 9 wherein the aliphatic linear polyester element(s) all have a melting point of 160° C. or less.