Glasses and glass-ceramics and methods of making them
Phosphate glasses and glass-ceramics exhibit a positive percent kill as measured by United States EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy Surfaces as a Sanitizer and/or have a CIELAB L* value below 35, CIELAB a* and b* values within 5 of zero.
1. A material, in terms of as-analyzed constituent components, comprising:
40 mol %≤P 2 O 5 ≤70 mol %;
25 mol %≤CuO≤55 mol %; and
5 mol %≤Fe 2 O 3 ≤15 mol,
wherein the material is an amorphous, single-phase glass.
2. Material of claim 1 , wherein 40 mol %≤CuO≤55 mol %.
3. Material of claim 1 , further comprising 0≤SiO 2 ≤35 mol %.
4. Material of claim 1 , wherein the glass is annealed.
5. Material of claim 1 , exhibiting a percent kill of at least 75 as measured by United States EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy Surfaces as a Sanitizer.
6. Material of claim 1 , exhibiting a CIELAB L* value below 35.
7. Material of claim 6 , exhibiting a CIELAB a* value is within 5 of zero.
8. Material of claim 7 , exhibiting a CIELAB b* value is within 5 of zero.
9. Material of claim 1 , exhibiting a black color.
10. Frit comprising material of claim 1 .
11. A surface of an article, the surface comprising material claim 1 .
12. A material, in terms of as-analyzed constituent components, comprising:
30 mol %≤P 2 O 5 ≤65 mol %;
25 mol %≤CuO≤55 mol %;
0≤SiO 2 ≤35 mol %; and
3 mol %≤X≤15 mol %, where X is one or more constituents selected from the group consisting of Fe 2 O 3 , MgO, ZnO, CaO, SrO, BaO, Li 2 O, Na 2 O, K 2 O, TiO 2 , NiO, MnO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 ;
wherein the material exhibits a percent kill of at least 75 as measured by United States EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy Surfaces as a Sanitizer.
13. The material of claim 12 , wherein X is Fe 2 O 3 .
14. The material of claim 13 , wherein 40 mol %≤P 2 O 5 ≤65 mol %, and wherein 40 mol %≤CuO≤55 mol %.
15. A material, in terms of as-analyzed constituent components, comprising:
40 mol %≤P 2 O 5 ≤70 mol %;
25 mol %≤CuO≤55 mol %; and
5 mol %≤Fe 2 O 3 ≤15 mol %,
wherein the material is glass or glass-ceramic.
16. The material of claim 15 , wherein 40 mol %≤CuO≤55 mol %.
17. The material of claim 15 , wherein the material is an amorphous glass and at a temperature within 50° C. of 0° C.
18. The material of claim 15 , wherein the material is a single-phase glass and at a temperature within 50° C. of 0° C.
19. The material of claim 15 , further comprising 0<SiO 2 ≤35 mol %.
20. Frit comprising the material of claim 15 .
21. A surface of an article, the surface comprising the material claim 15 .
22. A material, in terms of as-analyzed constituent components, comprising:
35 mol %≤P 2 O 5 ≤70 mol %;
25 mol %≤CuO≤55 mol % 40 mol %≤CuO≤55 mol %; and
2.5 mol %≤Fe 2 O 3 ≤25 mol,
wherein the material is an amorphous, single-phase glass.
23. Material of claim 22 , further comprising 0<SiO 2 ≤35 mol %.
24. Material of claim 23 , wherein SiO 2 ≤P 2 O 5 .
25. Frit comprising the material of claim 22 .
26. A surface of an article, the surface comprising the material claim 22 .