Glasses and glass-ceramics and methods of making them
A glass includes from 42 mol % to 47 mol % P 2 O 5 , from 42 mol % to 48 mol % CuO, and from greater than 0 mol % to 15 mol % Fe 2 O 3 . The glass is an amorphous, single-phase glass. Methods of making a glass article include heating batch materials to a melting temperature from 900° C. to 1350° C. In aspects, methods include pouring the molten glass in an inert gaseous environment, and cooling the molten glass in the inter gaseous environment. In aspects, methods include cooling the molten glass to form the glass article and annealing the glass article without growing crystals in or on the glass article during the cooling or the annealing.
1 . A glass, in terms of as-analyzed constituent components, comprising:
42 mol %≤P 2 O 5 ≤47 mol %;
42 mol %≤CuO≤48 mol %; and
0<Fe 2 O 3 ≤15 mol %,
wherein the glass is an amorphous, single-phase glass; and
wherein the glass has a greater amount of Cu − ions than Cu 2+ ions.
2 . The glass of claim 1 , wherein SiO 2 ≤5 mol %.
3 . The glass of claim 1 , wherein 7 mol %≤Fe 2 O 3 ≤12 mol %.
4 . The glass of claim 3 , wherein 7.5 mol %≤Fe 2 O 3 ≤12 mol %, and 42 mol %≤CuO≤47.5 mol %.
5 . The glass of claim 4 , wherein 8 mol %≤Fe 2 O 3 ≤12 mol %, and 42 mol %≤CuO≤47 mol %.
6 . The glass of claim 1 , wherein the glass has a CIELAB L* value less than 35, a CIELAB a* value from −5 to 5, and a CIELAB b* value from −5 to 5.
7 . The glass of claim 1 , wherein the glass exhibits a positive percent kill as measured by United States EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy Surfaces as a Sanitizer.
8 . The glass of claim 7 , wherein P 2 O 5 , Fe 2 O 3 , and CuO constituents in combination with one another make up over 90 mol % of the phosphate glass.
9 . The glass of claim 1 , wherein the Fe 2 O 3 is at least 3 mol % or the glass of claim 1 further comprising 3 mol %≤X≤15 mol %, where X is one or more constituents selected from the group consisting of MgO, ZnO, CaO, SrO, BaO, Li 2 O, Na 2 O, K 2 O, TiO 2 , NiO, MnO 2 , and Al 2 O 3 .