Quantum dots and devices including the same
A cadmium free quantum dot including a core including a first semiconductor nanocrystal, and a semiconductor nanocrystal shell disposed on the core, a composition of the semiconductor nanocrystal shell being different from a composition of the first semiconductor nanocrystal, a production method thereof, and a device including the same are disclosed. The semiconductor nanocrystal shell includes a zinc chalcogenide, the zinc chalcogenide includes selenium, tellurium, sulfur, or a combination thereof, and the quantum dot further alkaline an alkaline earth metal.
1. A quantum dot comprising
a core comprising a first semiconductor nanocrystal, and
a semiconductor nanocrystal shell disposed on the core, a composition of the semiconductor nanocrystal shell being different from a composition of the first semiconductor nanocrystal,
wherein the quantum dot does not comprise cadmium,
wherein the semiconductor nanocrystal shell comprises a zinc chalcogenide,
wherein the zinc chalcogenide comprises selenium, tellurium, sulfur, or a combination thereof,
wherein the quantum dot further comprises an alkaline earth metal,
wherein the first semiconductor nanocrystal does not comprise an indium phosphide,
wherein the first semiconductor nanocrystal comprises zinc, tellurium, and selenium,
wherein in the quantum dot, a mole ratio of tellurium with respect to selenium is greater than 0:1 and less than or equal to about 0.1:1, and
wherein in the quantum dot, an amount of the alkaline earth metal is greater than or equal to about 0.001 moles and less than or equal to 0.5 moles, per one mole of zinc.
2. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot does not comprise a Group III-V compound.
3. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth metal comprises barium, strontium, calcium, or a combination thereof.
4. The quantum dot of claim 3 , wherein in the quantum dot, a mole ratio of tellurium with respect to selenium is greater than 0:1 and less than or equal to about 0.05:1.
5. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the alkaline earth metal comprises barium, strontium, calcium, magnesium, or a combination thereof.
6. The quantum dot of claim 5 , wherein the alkaline earth metal is present in the semiconductor nanocrystal shell.
7. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein in the quantum dot, an amount of the alkaline earth metal is greater than or equal to about 0.001 moles and less than or equal to 0.3 moles, per one mole of zinc.
8. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot comprises a barium sulfide, a calcium sulfide, a magnesium sulfide, a calcium selenide, a barium selenide, a barium zinc selenide, a calcium zinc selenide, a magnesium zinc selenide, or a combination thereof.
9. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the semiconductor nanocrystal shell comprises
a first shell layer disposed on the core, and
a second shell layer disposed on the first shell layer, the first shell layer comprising a second semiconductor nanocrystal and the second shell layer comprising a third semiconductor nanocrystal different from the second semiconductor nanocrystal.
10. The quantum dot of claim 9 , wherein
the second semiconductor nanocrystal comprises zinc and selenium, and optionally sulfur, and
the third semiconductor nanocrystal comprises sulfur, and
the second semiconductor nanocrystal, the third semiconductor nanocrystal, or a combination thereof comprises the alkaline earth metal.
11. The quantum dot of claim 9 , wherein
the second shell layer is an outermost layer, and
the third semiconductor nanocrystal comprises a zinc sulfide, an alkaline earth metal sulfide, or a combination thereof.
12. The quantum dot of claim 9 , wherein the second semiconductor nanocrystal comprises a zinc selenide.
13. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein a photoluminescent peak wavelength of the quantum dot is less than or equal to about 580 nanometers.
14. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein a photoluminescent peak wavelength of the quantum dot is less than or equal to about 480 nanometers.
15. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot has a size of greater than or equal to about 7 nanometers and less than or equal to about 50 nanometers.
16. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot has a quantum efficiency of greater than or equal to about 80%.
17. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein the quantum dot has a quantum efficiency of greater than or equal to about 95%.
18. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein a full width at half maximum of a photoluminescent peak of the quantum dot is less than or equal to about 35 nanometers.
19. The quantum dot of claim 1 , wherein
the quantum dot comprises selenium and sulfur, and
in the quantum dot, a mole ratio of sulfur to selenium is greater than or equal to about 0.05:1 and less than or equal to 2:1.
20. A method of manufacturing the quantum dot of claim 1 , the method comprising:
preparing a mixture comprising
an alkaline earth metal compound and
an organic ligand in an organic solvent;
combining a particle comprising the core and a chalcogen element precursor with the mixture; and
heating the mixture to conduct a reaction at a reaction temperature and manufacture the quantum dot.
21. The method of claim 20 , wherein the method further comprises adding a zinc precursor to the mixture and wherein a shell layer comprising a zinc alkaline earth metal chalcogenide is formed by the reaction on the particle comprising the core.
22. The method of claim 20 , wherein the particle further comprises a semiconductor nanocrystal shell layer disposed on the core and a shell layer comprising a zinc alkaline earth metal chalcogenide is formed on the semiconductor nanocrystal shell layer by the reaction.
23. An electroluminescent device comprising:
a first electrode and a second electrode each having a surface opposite the other, and
a quantum dot emission layer disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, the quantum dot emission layer comprising a plurality of quantum dots, wherein the plurality of quantum dots comprises the quantum dot of claim 1 .
24. An electronic device comprising
a light emitting element, and
optionally a light source
wherein the light emitting element comprises a plurality of quantum dots, wherein the plurality of quantum dots comprises the quantum dot of claim 1 .