Toner compositions and additives
Disclosed herein is a toner composition, developer and additive for a toner composition. The toner composition includes toner particles comprising at least one resin, an optional colorant, an optional wax, and a polymeric toner additive on at least a portion of an external surface of the toner particles. The polymeric toner additive includes a polymeric resin comprising a cross-linked fluorinated acrylic monomer, a cross-linkable monomer containing two or more vinyl groups at 8 wt % to 40 wt % of the polymeric resin, and optionally a charge control agent comprising nitrogen containing group at 0.1 wt % to 1.5 wt % of the polymeric resin.
1 . A toner composition comprising: toner particles comprising at least one resin, an optional colorant, an optional wax, and a polymeric toner additive on at least a portion of an external surface of the toner particles, the polymeric toner additive comprising:
a first polymeric resin comprising a cross-linked fluorinated acrylic monomer, a cross-linkable monomer comprising divinyl benzene at 30 wt % of the first polymeric resin, and a fluorinated divinyl crosslinking agent, wherein the first polymeric resin has an average or medium particle size (D50) of from about 20 nanometers to about 40 nanometers;
a second polymeric resin comprising cyclohexylmethacrylate (CHMA), divinyl benzene at 25 wt % of the second polymeric resin, and a charge control agent comprising a nitrogen containing group at 0.1 wt % to 1.5 wt % of the second polymeric resin, wherein the second polymeric resin has an average or medium particle size (D50) of from about 71 nanometers to about 115 nanometers; and
wherein the charge control agent comprises dipropylaminoethyl methacrylate, diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate, dibutylaminoethyl methacrylate, or a combination thereof; and
wherein the toner composition comprises no titania.
2 . The toner composition of claim 1 , wherein the fluorinated acrylic monomer comprises a fluorinated acrylate monomer or fluorinated methacrylate monomer.
3 . The toner composition of claim 1 , wherein the second polymeric resin comprises a non-fluorinated hydrophobic monomer.
4 . The toner composition of claim 1 , wherein the toner particles comprise an emulsion aggregation toner having a size from about 4 microns to about 10 microns.
5 . The toner composition of claim 1 , further comprising a cleaning additive selected from the group consisting of: stearates, cerium oxide, and strontium titanate.
6 . The toner composition of claim 1 , wherein the polymeric toner additive comprises from 0.1 weight percent to 5 weight percent of the toner composition.
7 . A developer comprising: a toner composition; and a toner carrier, wherein the toner composition comprising: toner particles comprising at least one resin, an optional colorant, an optional wax, and a polymeric toner additive on at least a portion of an external surface of the toner particles, the polymeric toner additive comprising:
a first polymeric resin comprising a cross-linked fluorinated acrylic monomer, a cross-linkable monomer comprising divinyl benzene at 30 wt % of the first polymeric resin, and a fluorinated divinyl crosslinking agent, wherein the first polymeric resin has an average or medium particle size (D50) of from about 20 nanometers to about 40 nanometers;
a second polymeric resin comprising cyclohexylmethacrylate (CHMA), divinyl benzene at 25 wt % of the second polymeric resin, and a charge control agent comprising a nitrogen containing group at 0.1 wt % to 1.5 wt % of the second polymeric resin, wherein the second polymeric resin has an average or medium particle size (D50) of from about 71 nanometers to about 115 nanometers; and
wherein the charge control agent comprises dipropylaminoethyl methacrylate, diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate, dibutylaminoethyl methacrylate, or a combination thereof; and
wherein the toner composition comprises no titania.
8 . The developer of claim 7 , wherein the fluorinated acrylic monomer comprises a fluorinated acrylate monomer or fluorinated methacrylate monomer.
9 . The developer of claim 7 , wherein the second polymeric resin comprises a non-fluorinated hydrophobic monomer.
10 . The developer of claim 7 , further comprising an additive selected from the group of silica, and alumina.
11 . A toner additive comprising:
a first polymeric resin comprising a cross-linked fluorinated acrylic monomer, a cross-linkable monomer comprising divinyl benzene at 30 wt % of the first polymeric resin, and a fluorinated divinyl crosslinking agent, wherein the first polymeric resin has an average or medium particle size (D50) of from about 20 nanometers to about 40 nanometers;
a second polymeric resin comprising cyclohexylmethacrylate (CHMA), divinyl benzene at 25 wt % of the second polymeric resin, and a charge control agent comprising a nitrogen containing group at 0.1 wt % to 1.5 wt % of the second polymeric resin, wherein the second polymeric resin has an average or medium particle size (D50) of from about 71 nanometers to about 115 nanometers; and
wherein the charge control agent comprises dipropylaminoethyl methacrylate, diisopropylaminoethyl methacrylate, dibutylaminoethyl methacrylate, or a combination thereof; and
wherein the toner additive comprises no titania.
12 . The toner additive of claim 11 , wherein the fluorinated acrylic monomer comprises a fluorinated acrylate monomer or fluorinated methacrylate monomer.
13 . The toner additive of claim 11 , wherein the second polymeric resin comprises a non-fluorinated hydrophobic monomer.