Optical assembly with coating and methods of use
Coated nanotubes and bundles of nanotubes are formed into membranes useful in optical assemblies in EUV photolithography systems. These optical assemblies are useful in methods for patterning materials on a semiconductor substrate. Such methods involve generating, in a UV lithography system, UV radiation. The UV radiation is passed through a coating layer of the optical assembly, e.g., a pellicle assembly. The UV radiation that has passed through the coating layer is passed through a matrix of individual nanotubes or matrix of nanotube bundles. UV radiation that passes through the matrix of individual nanotubes or matrix of nanotube bundles is reflected from a mask and received at a semiconductor substrate.
1. An optical assembly, comprising:
a matrix of a plurality of nanotubes bundles, the plurality of nanotube bundles including nanotube bundles including nanotubes consisting of carbon atoms, nanotube bundles including nanotubes of carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms and nanotube bundles including nanotubes of carbon atoms and silicon atoms; and
a coating layer on the plurality of nanotube bundles, the coating layer surrounding individual nanotubes of the individual nanotube bundles and comprising a material selected from the group consisting of niobium monosilicide (NbSi), niobium silicide (NbSi 2 ), niobium silicon nitride (NbSiN), niobium titanium nitride (NbTi x N y ), molybdenum silicon nitride (MoSi x N y ), yttrium fluoride (YF), titanium carbon nitride (TiC x N y ), and hafnium fluoride (HfF 4 ).
2. The optical assembly of claim 1 , wherein the coating layer includes one or more of niobium monosilicide (NbSi), niobium silicide (NbSi 2 ), niobium silicon nitride (NbSiN), niobium titanium nitride (NbTi x N y ), yttrium fluoride (YF), and hafnium fluoride (HfF 4 ).
3. The optical assembly of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of individual unbundled nanotubes.
4. The optical assembly of claim 3 , wherein a coating layer is on the plurality of individual unbundled nanotubes.
5. The optical assembly of claim 1 , wherein the coating layer on the plurality of nanotube bundles includes a coating layer on a nanotube bundle and a coating layer on individual nanotubes of the nanotube bundle.
6. The optical assembly of claim 5 , wherein the coating layer on individual nanotubes of the nanotube bundle is on nanotubes consisting of carbon atoms.
7. A device comprising:
a mask having a patterned surface;
a pellicle frame coupled to the mask with a first adhesive layer; and
a pellicle membrane having an external surface and an internal surface, the pellicle membrane coupled to the pellicle frame with a second adhesive layer, the pellicle membrane including a matrix of a plurality of nanotube bundles and a first coating layer on the external surface and a second coating layer on the internal surface, and each nanotube bundle of the plurality of nanotube bundles includes a third coating layer on the nanotube bundle, each of the plurality of nanotube bundles including nanotubes consisting of carbon atoms, nanotube bundles including nanotubes of carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms and nanotube bundles including nanotubes of carbon atoms and silicon atoms,
wherein the first, second and third coating layers independently comprise a material selected from the group consisting of niobium monosilicide (NbSi), niobium silicide (NbSi 2 ), niobium silicon nitride (NbSiN), niobium titanium nitride (NbTi x N y ), molybdenum silicon nitride (MoSi x N y ), yttrium fluoride (YF), titanium carbon nitride (TiC x N y ), and hafnium fluoride (HfF 4 ).
8. The device of claim 7 , wherein the plurality of nanotube bundles includes seven or more individual nanotubes.
9. The device of claim 8 , wherein a material of the first coating layer is different from a material of the second coating layer.
10. The device of claim 9 , wherein a material of the first coating layer is the same as a material of the second coating layer.
11. The device of claim 10 , wherein the material of the first and second coating layers includes one or more of molybdenum silicide (MoSi 2 ), and molybdenum silicon nitride (MoSi x N y ).
12. The device of claim 7 , wherein the pellicle membrane includes polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si), silicon nitride (Si x N y ), silicon carbide (SiC), molybdenum silicon nitride (MoSi x N y ), amorphous silicon (a-Si), doped silicon or a doped silicon-based compound, carbon nanotube, silicon carbon nanotube, or boron nitride nanotube.
13. The device of claim 7 , wherein the coating layer on the plurality of individual unbundled nanotubes comprises yttrium fluoride (YF).
14. An optical assembly, comprising:
a matrix of a plurality of nanotubes bundles, the plurality of nanotube bundles including nanotube bundles including nanotubes consisting of carbon atoms, nanotube bundles including nanotubes of carbon atoms and nitrogen atoms and nanotube bundles including nanotubes of carbon atoms and silicon atoms; and
a coating layer surrounding the plurality of nanotube bundles, the coating layer present on surfaces of nanotubes exposed on an exterior of the individual nanotube bundles and comprising a material selected from the group consisting of niobium monosilicide (NbSi), niobium silicide (NbSi 2 ), niobium silicon nitride (NbSiN), niobium titanium nitride (NbTi x N y ), molybdenum silicon nitride (MoSi x N y ), yttrium fluoride (YF), titanium carbon nitride (TiC x N y ), and hafnium fluoride (HfF 4 ).
15. The optical assembly of claim 14 wherein the plurality of nanotube bundles includes seven or more individual nanotubes.
16. The optical assembly of claim 14 , further comprising a plurality of individual unbundled nanotubes.
17. The optical assembly of claim 16 , wherein a coating layer is on the plurality of individual unbundled nanotubes.
18. The optical assembly of claim 14 , wherein the coating layer includes niobium silicon nitride (NbSiN) or niobium titanium nitride (NbTi x N y ).
19. The optical assembly of claim 1 , wherein the coating layer includes yttrium fluoride (YF) or hafnium fluoride (HfF 4 ).
20. The optical assembly of claim 14 , wherein at least 85% of EUV radiation incident on the optical assembly is transmitted through the optical assembly.