Continuous diamond surface bearings for sliding engagement with metal surfaces
Bearings assemblies are provided that include polycrystalline diamond bearing surfaces that are engaged with opposing, metal bearing surfaces that include more than trace amounts of diamond solvent-catalyst. In the bearings, the opposing bearing surface is slidingly engaged with the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface along a diamond contact area of the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, and the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is a continuous surface along the diamond contact area. Also provided are methods of making and using the bearing assemblies.
1. A bearing assembly, the bearing assembly comprising:
a bearing, the bearing comprising a bearing body having a first bearing surface;
a part, the part comprising a body having a second bearing surface;
wherein one of the first and second bearing surfaces is a polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, and wherein the other of the first and second bearing surfaces is a metal bearing surface comprising a metal, the metal containing at least 2 weight percent of a diamond solvent-catalyst based on a total weight of the metal;
wherein the bearing is coupled with the part such that a metal contact area of the metal bearing surface is engaged with a diamond contact area of the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, and wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is a continuous surface along an entirety of the diamond contact area.
2. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the bearing and the part are positioned relative to one another such that the metal bearing surface slides along the diamond contact area without contacting any boundary edges of the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface.
3. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the metal contact area is an entirety of the metal bearing surface.
4. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein an entirety of the metal bearing surface is engaged with less than an entirety of the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface.
5. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the diamond contact area defines a path along which the metal contact area contacts the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, and wherein the metal bearing surface slides along the path without contacting any boundary edges of the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface.
6. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the part comprises a shaft, and wherein the second bearing surface is an outer surface of the shaft.
7. The bearing assembly of claim 6 , wherein the bearing assembly is a radial journal bearing assembly, the bearing body comprising a bearing ring having an internal surface and a cavity, wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is the internal surface of the bearing ring, wherein the shaft is positioned within the cavity, and wherein the metal bearing surface is an outer surface of the shaft or is coupled with the shaft.
8. The bearing assembly of claim 7 , wherein the bearing ring comprises a plurality of discrete polycrystalline diamond bearing surfaces on the internal surface of the bearing ring, wherein the shaft comprises a plurality of discrete metal bearing surfaces, and wherein each discrete metal bearing surface is engaged with one of the discrete polycrystalline diamond bearing surfaces, and wherein each discrete polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is a continuous surface along an entirety of a diamond contact area for that discrete polycrystalline diamond bearing surface.
9. The bearing assembly of claim 6 , wherein the bearing assembly is a conical bearing assembly, the bearing body comprising a bearing ring having a conical surface and a cavity, wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is the conical surface of the bearing ring, wherein the metal bearing surface is an outer surface of the shaft, and wherein the shaft is positioned within the cavity such that the metal bearing surface of the shaft is engaged with the conical surface.
10. The bearing assembly of claim 6 , wherein the bearing assembly is a spherical bearing assembly, the bearing body comprising a bearing ring having a spherical surface and a cavity, wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is the spherical surface of the bearing ring, wherein the metal bearing surface is an outer surface of the shaft, and wherein the shaft is positioned within the cavity such that the metal bearing surface of the shaft is engaged with the spherical surface.
11. The bearing assembly of claim 10 , wherein the shaft is pivotable relative to the bearing.
12. The bearing assembly of claim 6 , wherein the bearing is a radial bearing, an axial bearing, or a combined axial and radial bearing.
13. The bearing assembly of claim 12 , wherein the bearing is the combined axial and radial bearing and comprises a bearing ring having a cavity, wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is a first polycrystalline diamond bearing surface on an end of the bearing ring, the bearing ring further comprising a second polycrystalline diamond bearing surface on an internal surface of the bearing ring, wherein the shaft comprises a collar on an end of the shaft, wherein the metal bearing surface is a first metal bearing surface of the collar, the shaft further comprising a second metal bearing surface that is an outer surface of the shaft, and wherein the shaft is engaged within the cavity such that the first metal bearing surface is engaged with the first polycrystalline diamond bearing surface and the second metal bearing surface is engaged with the second polycrystalline diamond bearing surface.
14. The bearing assembly of claim 13 , wherein the bearing ring comprises a radial bearing receptacle and an axial bearing receptacle, wherein a radial polycrystalline diamond element is positioned within the radial bearing receptacle and comprises the second polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, and wherein an axial polycrystalline diamond element is positioned within the axial bearing receptacle and comprises the first polycrystalline diamond bearing surface.
15. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the first bearing surface is the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, and wherein the second bearing surface is the metal bearing surface.
16. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is bound by boundary edges of the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, and wherein the metal bearing surface is engaged with the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface entirely within the boundary edges.
17. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface has a first surface area, wherein the diamond contact area has a second surface area that is less than the first surface area, and wherein the diamond contact area is a discrete portion of the first surface area of the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface.
18. The bearing assembly of claim 17 , wherein the metal bearing surface has a third surface area, and wherein the third surface area is less than the first surface area.
19. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is a surface of a polycrystalline diamond layer, the polycrystalline diamond layer having a thickness of 0.200″ or less.
20. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the metal comprises from 55 to 100 wt. % of the diamond solvent-catalyst based on the total weight of the metal.
21. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the metal is softer than a superhard material.
22. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the metal is softer than tungsten carbide (WC).
23. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the metal has a hardness value of less than 25 GPa as determined in accordance with ASTM E92-17.
24. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein a coefficient of friction between the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface and the metal bearing surface is 0.09 or less.
25. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the metal is steel.
26. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface has a surface finish of 20 μin Ra or less.
27. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the diamond solvent-catalyst comprises iron, cobalt, nickel, titanium, or copper.
28. The bearing assembly of claim 1 , wherein the diamond solvent-catalyst comprises ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, chromium, manganese, or tantalum.
29. A bearing assembly, the bearing assembly comprising:
a bearing, the bearing comprising a bearing body and a first bearing surface on the bearing body;
a part, the part comprising a body and a second bearing surface on the body;
wherein one of the first and second bearing surfaces is a polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, and wherein the other of the first and second bearing surfaces is a metal bearing surface comprising a metal, the metal containing at least 2 weight percent of iron, cobalt, nickel, titanium, copper, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, chromium, manganese, or tantalum based on a total weight of the metal;
wherein the bearing is coupled with the part such that a metal contact area of the metal bearing surface is engaged with a diamond contact area of the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, and wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is a continuous surface along an entirety of the diamond contact area.
30. The bearing assembly of claim 29 , wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface has a surface finish of 20 μin Ra or less.
31. A method of making and using a bearing assembly, the method comprising:
providing a bearing, the bearing comprising a bearing body and a first bearing surface on the bearing body;
providing a shaft, the shaft comprising a shaft body and a second bearing surface on the shaft body;
wherein one of the first and second bearing surfaces is a polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, and wherein the other of the first and second bearing surfaces is a metal bearing surface comprising a metal, the metal containing at least 2 weight percent of a diamond solvent-catalyst based on a total weight of the metal;
lapping the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, polishing the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface, or combinations thereof;
coupling the shaft with the bearing such that a metal contact area of the metal bearing surface is engaged with a diamond contact area of the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface;
wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is a continuous surface along an entirety of the diamond contact area, and wherein the metal contact area is engaged with the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface entirely within boundary edges of the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface; and
moving the shaft and bearing relative to one another such that the metal contact area surface slides along a path along the diamond contact area.
32. The method of claim 31 , wherein the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface is lapped, polished, or combinations thereof until the polycrystalline diamond bearing surface has a surface finish of 20 μin Ra or less.