Thermal modification to treat cardiac electrical disorders and other disorders
Devices and methods are provided for the treatment of pathological conditions including arrhythmias and trauma using temperature modulation via implantable or worn devices. For example, in one example embodiment this document relates to devices and methods for treating atrial or ventricular fibrillation by cooling the epicardium. The devices and methods can also be used to treat other disorders by applying heating and/or cooling to a patient in a number of different manners.
1. A method for treating atrial fibrillation of a patient, the method comprising:
surgically placing, during an open-chest surgery, an expandable cooling device at least partially in an oblique sinus of the patient such that the cooling device is in juxtaposition to all four pulmonary veins of the heart, wherein the expandable cooling device comprises one or more recording electrodes;
surgically placing, during the open-chest surgery, the one or more recording electrodes in the oblique sinus of the patient;
after the open-chest surgery, detecting abnormal ganglia activity indicating atrial fibrillation of the patient using the one or more recording electrodes; and
in response to the detection of the abnormal ganglia activity, delivering cooling from the cooling device to cool epicardial tissue of a heart of the patient to 5° C.-10° C. to prevent the exit of triggering foci and reentry at the venoatrial junction.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the cooling delivery comprises pumping a fluid to the cooling device.
3. The method of claim 2 , further comprising ceasing the pumping in response to resolution of the atrial fibrillation.
4. The method of claim 1 , further comprising delivering pacing by the cooling device.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising after the delivery of the cooling, monitoring for further occurrences of atrial fibrillation.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising monitoring a temperature of the epicardial tissue using one or more temperature monitoring devices of the cooling device.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the one or more temperature monitoring devices comprise thermocouples.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising applying one or more standard defibrillation shocks to the heart while simultaneously delivering the cooling.