Freeze-dried product and gas-filled microvesicles suspension
A method of manufacturing a suspension of gas-filled microvesicles by reconstituting a freeze-dried product and a suspension obtained according to said method, where the freeze-dried product has been subjected to a thermal treatment.
1. A method of manufacturing a freeze-dried composition suitable for the preparation of a suspension of stabilized gas-filled microbubbles, said composition comprising: (i) an amphiphilic material comprising a phospholipid and a fatty acid; and (ii) a polyethylene glycol as freeze-drying protecting component; which comprises:
a. preparing a liquid mixture comprising said amphiphilic material and said freeze-drying protecting component in a solvent;
b. freeze-drying the liquid mixture to remove said solvent and obtain a freeze-dried product; and
c. after completion of the freeze-drying of step b, heating said freeze-dried product at ambient pressure at a temperature higher than 35° C. and lower than the melting point of the polyethylene glycol freeze-drying protecting component, for a period of time of from eight to twenty hours, wherein the freeze-dried product of step b has not been reconstituted prior to step c.
2. The method according to claim 1 wherein said liquid mixture comprises said amphiphilic material and said freeze-drying protecting component dispersed in an organic solvent.
3. The method according to claim 1 wherein said liquid mixture comprises said amphiphilic material and said freeze-drying protecting component dispersed in an aqueous emulsion of a water immiscible solvent and water.
4. The method according to claim 1 wherein said heating step is carried out at a temperature of from 38° C. to the melting point of the polyethylene glycol freeze-drying protecting component.
5. The method according to claim 1 wherein said heating step is carried out at a temperature of from 40° C. to the melting point of the polyethylene glycol freeze-drying protecting component.
6. The method according to claim 1 wherein said phospholipid comprises dilauroyl-phosphatidylcholine (DLPC), dimyristoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DMPC), dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), diarachidoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DAPC), distearoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DSPC), dioleoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DOPC), 1,2 Distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-Ethylphosphocholine (Ethyl-DSPC), dipentadecanoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPDPC), 1-myristoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (MPPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-myristoyl-phosphatidylcholine (PMPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-phosphatidylcholine (PSPC), 1-stearoyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (SPPC), 1-palmitoyl-2-oleylphosphatidylcholine (POPC), 1-oleyl-2-palmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (OPPC), dilauroyl-phosphatidylglycerol (DLPG) and its alkali metal salts, diarachidoylphosphatidyl-glycerol (DAPG) and its alkali metal salts, dimyristoylphosphatidylglycerol (DMPG) and its alkali metal salts, dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG) and its alkali metal salts, distearoylphosphatidylglycerol (DSPG) and its alkali metal salts, dioleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (DOPG) and its alkali metal salts, dimyristoyl phosphatidic acid (DMPA) and its alkali metal salts, dipalmitoyl phosphatidic acid (DPPA) and its alkali metal salts, distearoyl phosphatidic acid (DSPA), diarachidoylphosphatidic acid (DAPA) and its alkali metal salts, dimyristoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE), dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DPPE), distearoyl phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (DSPE), dioleylphosphatidyl-ethanolamine (DOPE), diarachidoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DAPE), dilinoleylphosphatidylethanolamine (DLPE), dimyristoyl phosphatidylserine (DMPS), diarachidoyl phosphatidylserine (DAPS), dipalmitoyl phosphatidylserine (DPPS), distearoylphosphatidylserine (DSPS), dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS), dipalmitoyl sphingomyelin (DPSP), and di stearoyl sphingomyelin (DSSP), dilauroyl-phosphatidylinositol (DLPI), diarachidoylphosphatidylinositol (DAPI), dimyristoylphosphatidylinositol (DMPI), dipalmitoylphosphatidylinositol (DPPI), distearoylphosphatidylinositol (DSPI) or dioleoyl-phosphatidylinositol (DOPI).
7. The method according to claim 1 wherein said fatty acid comprises capric (n-decanoic), lauric (n-dodecanoic), myristic (n-tetradecanoic), palmitic (n-hexadecanoic), stearic (n-octadecanoic), arachidic (n-eicosanoic), behenic (n-docosanoic) or n-tetracosanoic acid.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said amphiphilic material comprises DSPC, DPPG and palmitic acid.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said amphiphilic material comprises DSPC, DPPE-PEG5000 and palmitic acid.
10. The method according to claim 8 , wherein said heating step is carried out at a temperature of from 40° C. to 48° C.
11. The method according to claim 9 , wherein said heating step is carried out at a temperature of from 36° C. to 45° C.
12. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said heating in step c is performed for a period of time of from twelve to twenty hours.
13. The method according to claim 1 wherein said liquid mixture is sampled into glass vials which are loaded into a freeze-dryer.
14. The method according to claim 13 which comprises, at the completion of step b, saturating the headspace of the vials containing the freeze-dried product with a physiologically acceptable gas and then stoppering and sealing the vials.
15. A method of manufacturing a suspension of gas-filled microvesicles comprising
(i) preparing a liquid mixture comprising an amphiphilic material and a freeze-drying protecting component in a solvent, wherein the amphiphilic material comprises a phospholipid and a fatty acid and the freeze-drying protecting component is a polyethylene glycol;
(ii) freeze-drying the liquid mixture to remove said solvent and obtain a freeze-dried product;
(iii) after completion of the freeze-drying of step (ii), heating said freeze-dried product at ambient pressure at a temperature higher than 35° C. and lower than the melting point of the polyethylene glycol freeze-drying protecting component, for a period of time from eight to twenty hours, wherein the freeze-dried product of step (ii) has not been reconstituted prior to step (iii); and
(iv) reconstituting said freeze-dried product with a pharmaceutically acceptable liquid carrier in the presence of a physiologically acceptable gas under gentle agitation to obtain a suspension of gas-filled microvesicles.
16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the physiologically acceptable gas is selected from SF 6 , C 3 F 8 , and C 4 F 10 , optionally in admixture with air or nitrogen.
17. The method of claim 15 , wherein the phospholipid consists of the combination of DSPC and the sodium salt of DPPG, and the fatty acid consists of palmitic acid.
18. The method of claim 15 , wherein the phospholipid consists of the combination of DSPC and DPPE-PEG5000 and the fatty acid consists of palmitic acid.
19. A method comprising:
(i) preparing a liquid mixture comprising an amphiphilic material and a freeze-drying protecting component in a solvent, wherein the amphiphilic material comprises a phospholipid and a fatty acid; and the freeze-drying protecting component is a polyethylene glycol;
(ii) freeze-drying the liquid mixture to remove said solvent and obtain a freeze-dried product;
(iii) after completion of the freeze-drying of step (ii), heating said freeze-dried product at ambient pressure at a temperature higher than 35° C. and lower than the melting point of the polyethylene glycol freeze-drying protecting component, for a period of time from eight to twenty hours, wherein the freeze-dried product of step (ii) has not been reconstituted prior to step (iii); and
(iv) reconstituting said freeze-dried product with a pharmaceutically acceptable liquid carrier in the presence of a physiologically acceptable gas under gentle agitation in order to obtain a suspension of gas-filled microvesicles;
(v) administering to a patient said suspension of gas-filled microvesicles; and
(vi) detecting an ultrasound signal from a region of interest in said patient.
20. The method according to claim 19 , wherein the region of interest in said patient is the heart.
21. The method according to claim 19 , wherein the region of interest in said patient is the liver.
22. The method according to claim 19 , wherein the region of interest in said patient is the urinary tract.
23. The method of claim 19 , wherein the physiologically acceptable gas is selected from SF 6 , C 3 F 8 , and C 4 F 10 , optionally in admixture with air or nitrogen.
24. The method of claim 19 , wherein the phospholipid consists of the combination of DSPC and the sodium salt of DPPG, and the fatty acid consists of palmitic acid.
25. The method of claim 19 , wherein the phospholipid consists of the combination of DSPC and DPPE-PEG5000 and the fatty acid consists of palmitic acid.