Process integration in electrical power generation
A system includes an electric generator, a power electronics system, and a heat exchanger. The electric generator includes a turbine wheel, a rotor, and a stator. The turbine wheel is configured to receive process gas and rotate in response to expansion of the process gas flowing into an inlet of the turbine wheel and out of an outlet of the turbine wheel. The rotor is configured to rotate with the turbine wheel. The electric generator is configured to generate electrical power upon rotation of the rotor within the stator. The power electronics system is configured to convert the electrical power to specified power characteristics. The heat exchanger includes a first side in fluid communication with the process gas and a second side in fluid communication with a fluid stream from a second system. The heat exchanger is configured to cool the fluid stream using the process gas.
1. A system comprising:
a pipe located at a pressure letdown (PLD) station and connected to a pipeline flowing a process gas comprising pipeline natural gas, pipeline hydrogen, or pipeline nitrogen;
an electric generator arranged axially and in-line with the pipe, the electric generator comprising:
a turbine wheel configured to receive the process gas and rotate in response to expansion of the process gas flowing into an inlet of the turbine wheel and out of an outlet of the turbine wheel, wherein the process gas cools as the process gas flows across the turbine wheel and expands, and the process gas exiting the outlet of the turbine wheel has a first temperature;
a rotor coupled to the turbine wheel and configured to rotate with the turbine wheel; and
a stator, wherein the electric generator is configured to generate electrical power upon rotation of the rotor within the stator;
a power electronics system electrically connected to an electrical output of the electric generator and configured to receive the electrical power from the electric generator and convert the electrical power to specified power characteristics; and
a heat exchanger located downstream of the turbine wheel, the heat exchanger comprising a first side in fluid communication with the process gas and a second side in fluid communication with a fluid stream from a second system apart from the electric generator and the power electronics system, the second system comprising a data center, the fluid stream entering the second side of the heat exchanger having a second temperature greater than the first temperature of the process gas, the heat exchanger configured to cool the fluid stream using the process gas to produce a cooled stream.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first temperature is less than −100 degrees Celsius (° C.).
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second system comprises a district cooling system connected to the data center, the cooled stream is a chilled water stream, and the chilled water stream is coupled to the district cooling system.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the data center comprises a data center rack, the fluid stream is a heat transfer fluid that has received waste heat from the data center rack, and the cooled stream is coupled to the data center rack.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the fluid stream comprises a heat transfer fluid that has received waste heat from the data center.
6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the data center comprises a data center rack, and the heat transfer fluid receives waste heat from the data center rack.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electric generator comprises a hermetically sealed housing from an inlet of the electric generator to an outlet of the electric generator, the hermetically sealed housing enclosing the turbine wheel, the rotor, and the stator.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the housing is hermetically sealed in-line in the pipe so that the process gas flows through the turbine wheel and over the stator.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electric generator comprises a turboexpander, and the rotor comprises a permanent magnet section including one or more permanent magnets positioned radially adjacent to the stator.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the heat exchanger is integrated into the electric generator.
11. A system comprising:
an electric generator arranged axially and in-line with a pipe flowing a process gas comprising natural gas, hydrogen, or nitrogen, the electric generator comprising:
a turbine wheel configured to receive the process gas and rotate in response to expansion of the process gas flowing into an inlet of the turbine wheel and out of an outlet of the turbine wheel, wherein the process gas cools as the process gas flows across the turbine wheel and expands, and the process gas exiting the outlet of the turbine wheel has a first temperature;
a rotor coupled to the turbine wheel and configured to rotate with the turbine wheel; and
a stator, wherein the electric generator is configured to generate electrical power upon rotation of the rotor within the stator;
a power electronics system electrically connected to an electrical output of the electric generator and configured to receive the electrical power from the electric generator and convert the electrical power to specified power characteristics; and
a heat exchanger located downstream of the turbine wheel, the heat exchanger comprising a first side in fluid communication with the process gas and a second side in fluid communication with a fluid stream from a second system apart from the electric generator and the power electronics system, the second system comprising a data center, the fluid stream entering the second side of the heat exchanger having a second temperature greater than the first temperature of the process gas, the heat exchanger configured to cool the fluid stream using the process gas to produce a cooled stream.
12. The system of claim 11 , wherein the first temperature is less than −100 degrees Celsius.
13. The system of claim 11 , wherein the fluid stream comprises a heat transfer fluid that has received waste heat from the data center.
14. The system of claim 13 , wherein the data center comprises a data center rack, and the heat transfer fluid receives waste heat from the data center rack.
15. The system of claim 14 , wherein the cooled stream is coupled to the data center rack.
16. The system of claim 11 , wherein the electric generator comprises a hermetically sealed housing from an inlet of the electric generator to an outlet of the electric generator, the hermetically sealed housing enclosing the turbine wheel, the rotor, and the stator.
17. The system of claim 16 , wherein the housing is hermetically sealed in-line in the pipe so that the process gas flows through the turbine wheel and over the stator.
18. The system of claim 11 , wherein the electric generator comprises a turboexpander, and the rotor comprises a permanent magnet section including one or more permanent magnets positioned radially adjacent to the stator.
19. The system of claim 11 , wherein the heat exchanger is integrated into the electric generator.