System and method for pretreatment imaging in adaptive radiation therapy

1. A system, comprising:

at least one storage device including a set of instructions for adaptive treatment planning; and

at least one processor configured to communicate with the at least one storage device, wherein when executing the set of instructions, the system is directed to:

obtain a planning image of a region of interest (ROI) relating to a first treatment plan;

obtain a first guiding image of the ROI relating to a first scan of the ROI, the first scan being performed with a low dose level before a first treatment fraction, the low dose level being lower than a threshold;

determine whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the planning image and the first guiding image; and

in response to determining that replanning does not need to be performed for the first treatment fraction, designate the first treatment plan as a second treatment plan with respect to the first treatment fraction, and

in response to determining that replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction, obtain a second guiding image of the ROI; and generate the second treatment plan with respect to the first treatment fraction based on the second guiding image.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second guiding image corresponds to a high dose level higher than the low dose level.

3. The system of claim 2 , wherein to obtain a second guiding image of the ROI, the system is further directed to:

generate the second guiding image by causing one or more scanners to perform a second scan on the ROI with the high dose level.

4. The system of claim 3 , wherein the first scan is a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, and the second scan is a multislice computed tomography (MSCT) scan.

5. The system of claim 3 , wherein the first scan and second scan are multislice computed tomography (MSCT) scans.

6. The system of claim 5 , wherein the first scan and the second scan are performed by an MSCT scanner, and an MSCT imaging bore of the MSCT scanner shares a common axis of rotation with a radiation treatment device.

7. The system of claim 1 , wherein to determine whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the planning image and the first guiding image, the system is further directed to:

compare the planning image with the first guiding image to generate a first comparison result; and

determine whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the first comparison result.

8. The system of claim 7 , wherein to determine whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the first comparison result, the system is further directed to:

obtain a reference image that is acquired during a second treatment fraction prior to the first treatment fraction;

generate a second comparison result by comparing the planning image with the reference image; and

determine whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result.

9. A method for adaptive treatment planning implemented on a computing device having at least one processor and at least one storage device, the method comprising:

obtaining a planning image of a region of interest (ROI) relating to a first treatment plan;

obtaining a first guiding image of the ROI relating to a first scan of the ROI, the first scan being performed with a low dose level before a first treatment fraction, the low dose level being lower than a threshold;

determining whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the planning image and the first guiding image; and

in response to determining that replanning does not need to be performed for the first treatment fraction, designating the first treatment plan as a second treatment plan with respect to the first treatment fraction, and

in response to determining that replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction, obtaining a second guiding image of the ROI; and generating the second treatment plan with respect to the first treatment fraction based on the second guiding image.

10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the second guiding image corresponds to a high dose level higher than the low dose level.

11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the obtaining a second guiding image of the ROI comprises:

generating the second guiding image by causing one or more scanners to perform a second scan on the ROI with the high dose level.

12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the first scan is a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, and the second scan is a multislice computed tomography (MSCT) scan.

13. The method of claim 11 , wherein the first scan and second scan are multislice computed tomography (MSCT) scans.

14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the first scan and the second scan are performed by an MSCT scanner, and an MSCT imaging bore of the MSCT scanner shares a common axis of rotation with a radiation treatment device.

15. The method of claim 9 , wherein the determining whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the planning image and the first guiding image comprises:

comparing the planning image with the first guiding image to generate a first comparison result; and

determining whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the first comparison result.

16. The method of claim 15 , wherein the determining whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the first comparison result comprises:

obtaining a reference image that is acquired during a second treatment fraction prior to the first treatment fraction;

generating a second comparison result by comparing the planning image with the reference image; and

determining whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the first comparison result and the second comparison result.

17. A non-transitory computer readable medium, comprising a set of instructions for adaptive treatment planning, wherein when executed by at least one processor, the set of instructions direct the at least one processor to effectuate a method, the method comprising:

obtaining a planning image of a region of interest (ROI) relating to a first treatment plan;

obtaining a first guiding image of the ROI relating to a first scan of the ROI, the first scan being performed with a low dose level before a first treatment fraction, the low dose level being lower than a threshold;

determining whether replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction based on the planning image and the first guiding image; and

in response to determining that replanning does not need to be performed for the first treatment fraction, designating the first treatment plan as a second treatment plan with respect to the first treatment fraction, and

in response to determining that replanning needs to be performed for the first treatment fraction, obtaining a second guiding image of the ROI; and generating the second treatment plan with respect to the first treatment fraction based on the second guiding image.

18. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 17 , wherein the second guiding image corresponds to a high dose level higher than the low dose level.

19. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 18 , wherein to obtain a second guiding image of the ROI, the method further comprises:

generating the second guiding image by causing one or more scanners to perform a second scan on the ROI with the high dose level.

20. The non-transitory computer readable medium of claim 19 , wherein the first scan is a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, and the second scan is a multislice computed tomography (MSCT) scan.