Granted Patent B2

US 12,424,976 · App. 17/668,298 · Granted Sep 23, 2025

Inventors: Ali Fard (Corona Del Mar, CA); Mats Carlsson (Sundbyberg, SE)

Assignee: QUANTALRF AG

H03F1/0222H03F3/195H03F3/245H03F2200/102H03F2200/451H03F2200/537

Abstract

Claims (79)

1. A method, comprising:

receiving an input signal having an envelope;

generating an envelope detection signal corresponding to the envelope of the input signal;

adjusting a bias current, and not a supply voltage, provided to an amplifier circuit based upon the envelope detection signal, the amplifier circuit including an amplifier and a transformer coupled to a load arrangement, the transformer being connected to an output of the amplifier and being configured to establish a magnetically coupled feedback loop from an output of the amplifier to an input of the amplifier wherein the transformer has a primary winding in series with the output of the amplifier and a secondary winding coupled to the input of the amplifier wherein the primary winding and the secondary winding are arranged such that a portion of a magnetic field generated by the primary winding couples to the secondary winding so as to establish the magnetically coupled feedback loop and wherein a loop gain of the magnetically coupled feedback loop is substantially independent of an impedance of a load included in the load arrangement and is defined at least in part by a coupling factor and turn-ratio of the transformer; and

providing, by the amplifier circuit, an output signal in response to the input signal.

2. The method of claim 1 wherein the generating includes:

rectifying the input signal in order to generate a rectified signal; and

filtering the rectified signal.

3. The method of claim 1 wherein the envelope detection signal has a temporal variation corresponding to the envelope of the input signal.

4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amplifier includes a transistor having a gate terminal, wherein the adjusting further includes:

applying a voltage carrying the envelope detection signal to the gate terminal so as to adjust the bias current based on the envelope detection signal.

5. The method of claim 4 , wherein the adjusting further includes:

filtering, before the applying, high-frequency content from the envelope detection signal.

6. The method of claim 1 further setting a loop gain of the magnetically coupled feedback loop by selecting a coupling factor and turn-ratio of the transformer.

7. The method of claim 1 further including:

providing, by the secondary winding, the output signal to the load arrangement wherein the load arrangement includes a balun.

8. The method of claim 7 wherein the amplifier circuit is implemented as an integrated circuit and wherein the primary and secondary windings are integrated in different metal layers of the integrated circuit.

9. A method, comprising:

receiving an input signal having an envelope;

generating an envelope detection signal corresponding to the envelope of the input signal;

adjusting a bias current provided to an amplifier circuit based upon the envelope detection signal, the amplifier circuit including an amplifier and a transformer, the transformer being configured to establish a magnetically coupled feedback loop from an output of the amplifier to an input of the amplifier wherein the transformer has a primary winding in series with the output of the amplifier and a secondary winding coupled to the input of the amplifier wherein the primary winding and the secondary winding are arranged such that a portion of a magnetic field generated by the primary winding couples to the secondary winding so as to establish the magnetically coupled feedback loop;

providing, by the amplifier circuit, an output signal in response to the input signal;

providing, by the secondary winding, the output signal to a load arrangement including a balun;

wherein an inductance (L 2 ) of the secondary winding is selected in conjunction with a parasitic capacitance (C g ) between the input of the amplifier circuit and ground such that resonance occurs at a resonant frequency (f 0 ) equivalent to a desired frequency of operation.

10. The method of claim 9 wherein f 0 is represented as:

f

0

=

1

2

⁢

π

⁢

L

2

⁢

C

g

.

11. The method of claim 7 wherein the load arrangement includes a balun connected between the primary winding and a load.

12. The method of claim 11 wherein the primary winding has a first end connected to the output of the amplifier and a second end connected to a first end of the balun.

13. The method of claim 7 wherein the amplifier circuit is implemented as an integrated circuit and wherein the primary and secondary windings are integrated in a single metal layer of the integrated circuit.

14. A system, comprising:

an envelope detector configured to generate an envelope detection signal corresponding to an envelope of an input signal; and

an amplifier circuit coupled to the envelope detector and configured to provide an output signal in response to the input signal, the amplifier circuit including an amplifier and a transformer coupled to a load arrangement, the transformer being connected to an output of the amplifier and being configured to establish a magnetically coupled feedback loop from an output of the amplifier to an input of the amplifier wherein the transformer has a primary winding in series with the output of the amplifier and a secondary winding coupled to the input of the amplifier wherein the primary winding and the secondary winding are arranged such that a portion of a magnetic field generated by the primary winding couples to the secondary winding so as to establish the magnetically coupled feedback loop and wherein a loop gain of the magnetically coupled feedback loop is substantially independent of an impedance of a load included within the load arrangement and is defined at least in part by a coupling factor and turn-ratio of the transformer;

wherein a bias current, and not a supply voltage, provided to the amplifier circuit is adjusted based upon the envelope detection signal.

15. The system of claim 14 wherein the envelope detector includes:

one or more first circuit elements which rectify the input signal in order to generate a rectified signal; and

one or more second circuit elements which filter the rectified signal.

16. The system of claim 14 wherein the envelope detection signal has a temporal variation corresponding to the envelope of the input signal.

17. The system of claim 14 , wherein the amplifier includes a transistor having a gate terminal, the gate terminal being coupled to the envelope detector and receiving a voltage carrying the envelope detection signal;

wherein the bias current is adjusted based on the envelope detection signal.

18. The system of claim 17 , further including a filter coupled between the envelope detector and the gate terminal, the filter being configured to remove high-frequency content from the envelope detection signal.

19. The system of claim 14 wherein the transformer is configured with a selected coupling factor and turn-ratio wherein a loop gain of the magnetically coupled feedback loop is set by the selected coupling factor and turn-ratio.

20. The system of claim 14 wherein the load arrangement is coupled to the primary winding.

21. The system of claim 20 wherein the amplifier circuit is implemented as an integrated circuit and wherein the primary and secondary windings are integrated in different metal layers of the integrated circuit.

22. A system, comprising:

an envelope detector configured to generate an envelope detection signal corresponding to an envelope of an input signal;

an amplifier circuit coupled to the envelope detector and configured to provide an output signal in response to the input signal, the amplifier circuit including an amplifier and a transformer, the transformer being configured to establish a magnetically coupled feedback loop from an output of the amplifier to an input of the amplifier wherein the transformer has a primary winding in series with the output of the amplifier and a secondary winding coupled to the input of the amplifier wherein the primary winding and the secondary winding are arranged such that a portion of a magnetic field generated by the primary winding couples to the secondary winding so as to establish the magnetically coupled feedback loop,

a load arrangement coupled to the primary winding; and

wherein a bias current provided to the amplifier circuit is adjusted based upon the envelope detection signal and wherein an inductance (L 2 ) of the secondary winding is selected in conjunction with a parasitic capacitance (C g ) between the input of the amplifier and ground such that resonance occurs at a resonant frequency (f 0 ) equivalent to a desired frequency of operation.

23. The method of claim 22 wherein f 0 is represented as:

f

0

=

1

2

⁢

π

⁢

L

2

⁢

C

g

.

24. The system of claim 20 wherein the load arrangement includes a balun connected between the primary winding and the load.

25. The system of claim 24 wherein the primary winding has a first end connected to the output of the amplifier and a second end connected to a first end of the balun.

26. The system of claim 20 wherein the amplifier circuit is implemented as an integrated circuit and wherein the primary and secondary windings are integrated in a single metal layer of the integrated circuit.

Assignments (1)

Continuity (2)

References Cited (133)