Oscillating element
An oscillating element includes a substrate, negative resistance elements which are electrically connected to the substrate, antennas which are electrically connected one-to-one to each negative resistance element and which transmit or receive an electromagnetic wave, a pad electrically connected to a power supply source for supplying power to the antennas, and a conductor which electrically connects the pad and the antennas to each other. The conductor is constituted of a common wiring that is common to the antennas and individual wirings from the common wiring to each antenna. The individual wirings differ from each other with respect to a sectional area, resistivity, and a length in accordance with a position on the substrate of an antenna connected to each wiring to reduce a difference in wiring resistances caused based on a distance between the antenna connected to each wiring and the pad.
1. An oscillating element comprising:
a substrate;
a plurality of negative resistance elements that are electrically connected to the substrate;
a plurality of antennas that transmit or receive an electromagnetic wave, each of the plurality of antennas having at least one of the plurality of negative resistance elements;
a pad electrically connected to a power supply source for supplying power to the plurality of antennas; and
a conductor that electrically connects the pad and the plurality of antennas to each other, wherein
the conductor is constituted of a common wiring that is common to the plurality of antennas and individual wirings from the common wiring to each of the plurality of antennas, and
wherein the individual wirings include at least two individual wirings that differ from each other with respect to at least one of a sectional area, resistivity, and a length in accordance with a position on the substrate of an antenna connected to each of the at least two individual wirings so as to reduce a difference in wiring resistances that is caused based on a distance between the antenna connected to each of the at least two individual wirings and the pad.
2. The oscillating element according to claim 1 , wherein the closer the position on the substrate of an antenna connected to each of the at least two individual wirings is to the pad, the longer a length of the wiring.
3. The oscillating element according to claim 1 , wherein the closer the position on the substrate of an antenna connected to each of the at least two individual wirings is to the pad, the smaller a sectional area of the wiring.
4. The oscillating element according to claim 1 , wherein the pad is arranged in plurality on the substrate, and
wherein the respective wirings differ from each other with respect to at least one of a sectional area, resistivity, and a length in accordance with a position on the substrate of an antenna connected to each of the at least two individual wirings so as to reduce a difference between synthesized wiring resistances from the plurality of pads to the respective antennas.
5. The oscillating element according to claim 1 , wherein the individual wirings are constituted by a plurality of materials.
6. The oscillating element according to claim 5 , wherein the individual wirings are constructed by electrically connecting a first wiring formed by a first material among the plurality of materials in a first layer and a second wiring formed by a second material among the plurality of materials in a second layer to each other on the substrate.
7. The oscillating element according to claim 1 , wherein the individual wirings have a first segment to be a wiring of at least two antennas among the plurality of antennas and a second segment electrically connected from the first segment to each of the at least two antennas, and
wherein at least one of a sectional area, resistivity, and a length of at least one of the first segment and the second segment differs from each other in accordance with a position on the substrate of the antenna connected to each of the at least two individual wirings.
8. The oscillating element according to claim 1 , wherein an interval among the plurality of antennas is equal to or shorter than a wavelength or an integral multiple of the wavelength of an oscillating electromagnetic wave.
9. The oscillating element according to claim 1 , wherein the antenna outputs an electromagnetic wave including a component with a frequency ranging from 30 GHz to 30 THz.
10. The oscillating element according to claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of negative resistance elements is a resonant tunneling diode.