Bias power regulator circuit for isolated converters with a wide output voltage range
A system includes an isolated converter having a power transformer with a primary winding, a secondary winding, and an auxiliary winding. The system also includes: 1) a first switch coupled to the primary winding; 2) a switch controller coupled to the first switch; and 3) a bias power regulator circuit coupled to the auxiliary winding and the switch controller. The bias power regulator circuit includes a second switch. The bias power regulator circuit is configured to provide a bias supply output voltage to the switch controller based on a first set of modes that modulate a switching frequency of the second switch and based on a second mode in which the second switch stays off.
1. An isolated converter comprising:
a power transformer having a primary winding, a secondary winding, and an auxiliary winding;
a first switch coupled to the primary winding;
a switch controller coupled to the first switch; and
a bias power regulator coupled to the auxiliary winding and the switch controller, the bias power regulator including a second switch, and the bias power regulator configured to provide a bias supply output voltage to the switch controller responsive to: a set of modes that modulate a switching frequency of the second switch; and a forward mode in which the second switch is off.
2. The isolated converter of claim 1 , wherein the bias power regulator includes a mode controller configured to select one of the set of modes while a bias supply input voltage provided by the auxiliary winding is less than a threshold.
3. The isolated converter of claim 2 , wherein the mode controller is configured to select a constant off-time modulation mode from among the set of modes and to direct the switch controller to provide pulses while the isolated converter has a light load condition, and the bias power regulator is configured to maintain the bias supply output voltage above an undervoltage lockout (UVLO) off threshold for the switch controller in the constant off-time modulation mode.
4. The isolated converter of claim 3 , wherein the switch controller is configured to provide a light load signal to the mode controller, and the mode controller is configured to provide periodic pulse requests to the switch controller responsive to the light load signal.
5. The isolated converter of claim 2 , wherein the mode controller is configured to select a constant peak-current modulation mode from among the set of modes while the isolated converter does not have a light load condition, and the bias power regulator is configured to adjust the switching frequency of the second switch while maintaining the bias supply output voltage at a target reference in the constant peak-current modulation mode.
6. The isolated converter of claim 1 , wherein the isolated converter is adapted to be coupled to a load that includes a USB power delivery adapter.
7. The isolated converter of claim 1 , wherein the isolated converter is adapted to be coupled to a load that includes a light-emitting diode (LED) driver.