Firefighting foam composition
A method of fighting a fire, the method comprising: aerating a firefighting foam composition to form an areated firefighting foam; administering the aerated firefighting foam to a fire or applying the aerated firefighting foam to a surface of a volatile flammable liquid; wherein: the firefighting foam composition comprises: a sugar component; a surfactant component comprising an anionic surfactant, a zwitterionic surfactant, or a mixture of any two or more thereof; a polysaccharide thickener comprising succinoglycan; and at least about 30 wt. % water.
1. A method of fighting a fire, the method comprising:
aerating a firefighting foam composition to form an aerated firefighting foam;
administering the aerated firefighting foam to a fire or applying the aerated firefighting foam to a surface of a volatile flammable liquid;
wherein:
the firefighting foam composition comprises:
a sugar component comprising at least about 50 wt. % of a monosaccharide, sugar alcohol, or a mixture of any two or more thereof;
a surfactant component comprising an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant;
a polysaccharide thickener comprising succinoglycan; and
at least about 30 wt. % water; and
wherein the composition is substantially free of non-ionic surfactants.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising prior to aerating mixing the firefighting foam composition with a diluent.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the diluent comprises municipal water, brackish water, salt water, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the firefighting composition further comprises an alkanolamine, a glycol solvent, a glycol ether solvent, an aliphatic alcohol-based component, a magnesium salt, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide thickener further comprises xanthan gum, diutan gum, rhamsan gum, welan gum, gellan gum, guar gum, konjac gum, tara gum, methylcellulose, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein polysaccharide thickener further comprises agar, sodium alginate, carrageenan, gum arabic, gum guaicum, neem gum, pistacia lentiscus, gum chatti, caranna, galactomannan, gum tragacanth, karaya gum, guar gum, xanthan gum, welan gum, rhamsam gum, locust bean gum, beta-glucan, cellulose, methylcellulose, chicle gum, kino gum, dammar gum, glucomannan, mastic gum, spruce gum, tara gum, gellan gum, acacia gum, cassia gum, diutan gum, fenugreek gum, ghatti gum, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose, karaya gum, konjac gum, pectin, propylene glycol alginate, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anionic surfactant comprises an aliphatic sulfate salt, aliphatic sulfonate salt, an aliphatic ether sulfate salt, aliphatic ether sulfate salt, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anionic surfactant comprises a C 8-14 -alkyl sulfate salt, a C 8-14 -alkyl ether sulfate salt, a C 8-14 -alkyl sulfonate salt, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anionic surfactant comprises an octyl sulfate salt, a decyl sulfate salt, a dodecyl sulfate salt, a tetradecyl sulfate salt, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises an aliphatic amidoalkyl hydroxysultaine, an aliphatic amidoalkyl betaine, an aliphatic sulfobetaine surfactant, an aliphatic betaine surfactant, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises a C8-14-alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, laurylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, myristylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, or a mixture thereof.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises a water-miscible organic solvent that is diethylene glycol n-butyl monoether, dipropylene glycol n-propyl monoether, hexylene glycol, ethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol, glycerol, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises:
a C 8-14 -alkyl sulfate surfactant;
a C 8-14 -alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant;
a water-miscible organic solvent comprising diethylene glycol n-butyl ether;
a polysaccharide thickener comprising xanthan gum; and
the sugar component comprises at least about 85 wt. % fructose, glucose, or a mixture thereof.
14. The method of claim 1 further comprising a biocide, a corrosion inhibitor, a reducing agent, a microfibrous cellulose, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
15. A method of fighting a fire, the method comprising:
aerating a firefighting foam composition to form an aerated firefighting foam;
administering the aerated firefighting foam to a fire or applying the aerated firefighting foam to a surface of a volatile flammable liquid;
wherein:
the firefighting foam composition comprises:
a sugar component comprising at least about 85 wt. % fructose, glucose, or a mixture thereof;
a C 8-14 -alkyl sulfate surfactant;
a C 8-14 -alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant;
a water-miscible organic solvent comprising diethylene glycol n-butyl ether;
a polysaccharide thickener comprising succinoglycan and xanthan gum; and
at least about 30 wt. % water; and
the composition is substantially free of nonionic surfactants.