Firefighting foam composition
A method of fighting a fire includes aerating a firefighting foam composition to form an areated firefighting foam; administering the aerated firefighting foam to a fire or applying the aerated firefighting foam to a surface of a volatile flammable liquid; wherein: the firefighting foam composition includes a sugar component comprising at least about 50 wt. % of a monosaccharide, sugar alcohol, or a mixture of any two or more thereof; a surfactant component comprising an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant; and a suspension agent comprising microfibrillated cellulose.
1. A firefighting foam concentrate comprising:
a sugar component comprising at least about 50 wt. % of a monosaccharide, sugar alcohol, or a mixture of any two or more thereof;
a surfactant component comprising an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant;
a polysaccharide thickener comprising succinoglycan; and
a suspension agent comprising microfibrillated cellulose.
2. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 , wherein the microfibrillated cellulose is derived from fibrillation of cellulose fibers.
3. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 , wherein the suspension agent further comprises xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, or a mixture thereof.
4. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 further comprising an alkanolamine, a glycol solvent, a glycol ether solvent, an aliphatic alcohol-based component, a magnesium salt, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
5. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide thickener further comprises xanthan gum, diutan gum, rhamsan gum, welan gum, gellan gum, guar gum, konjac gum, tara gum, methylcellulose, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
6. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 , wherein the polysaccharide thickener further comprises agar, sodium alginate, carrageenan, gum arabic, gum guaicum, neem gum, pistacia lentiscus, gum chatti, caranna, galactomannan, gum tragacanth, karaya gum, guar gum, xanthan gum, welan gum, rhamsam gum, locust bean gum, beta-glucan, cellulose, methylcellulose, chicle gum, kino gum, dammar gum, glucomannan, mastic gum, spruce gum, tara gum, gellan gum, acacia gum, cassia gum, diutan gum, fenugreek gum, ghatti gum, hydroxyethylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose, karaya gum, konjac gum, pectin, propylene glycol alginate, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
7. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 , wherein the anionic surfactant comprises an aliphatic sulfate salt, aliphatic sulfonate salt, an aliphatic ether sulfate salt, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
8. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 , wherein the anionic surfactant comprises a C 8-14 -alkyl sulfate salt, a C 8-14 -alkyl ether sulfate salt, a C 8-14 -alkyl sulfonate salt, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
9. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 , wherein the anionic surfactant comprises an octyl sulfate salt, a decyl sulfate salt, a dodecyl sulfate salt, a tetradecyl sulfate salt, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
10. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 , wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises an aliphatic amidoalkyl hydroxysultaine, an aliphatic amidoalkyl betaine, an aliphatic sulfobetaine surfactant, an aliphatic betaine surfactant, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
11. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 , wherein the zwitterionic surfactant comprises a C 8-14 -alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, cocamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, laurylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, myristylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine, or a mixture thereof.
12. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 further comprising a water-miscible organic solvent that propylene glycol, glycerol, or a mixture of two or more thereof.
13. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 comprising:
a C 8-14 -alkyl sulfate surfactant;
a C 8-14 -alkylamidopropyl hydroxysultaine surfactant;
the polysaccharide thickener comprising xanthan gum; and
the sugar component comprises at least about 85 wt. % fructose, glucose, or a mixture thereof.
14. The firefighting foam concentrate of claim 1 further comprising a biocide, a corrosion inhibitor, a reducing agent, or a mixture of any two or more thereof.
15. A method of making a firefighting foam concentrate, the method comprising:
forming a suspension agent by blending microfibrillated cellulose with a solvent at sufficient shear to disperse fibers of the microfibrillated cellulose in the solvent;
blending the suspension agent with:
a sugar component comprising at least about 50 wt. % of a monosaccharide, sugar alcohol, or a mixture of any two or more thereof;
a surfactant component comprising an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant; and
a polysaccharide thickener comprising succinoglycan.
16. A method of fighting a fire comprising: aerating a firefighting foam composition to form an aerated firefighting foam; administering the aerated firefighting foam to a fire or applying the aerated firefighting foam to a surface of a volatile flammable liquid;
wherein:
the firefighting foam composition comprises: a sugar component comprising at least about 50 wt. % of monosaccharide, sugar alcohol, or a mixture of any two or more thereof;
a surfactant component comprising an anionic surfactant and a zwitterionic surfactant;
a polysaccharide thickener comprising succinoglycan;
a suspension agent comprising microfibrillated cellulose;
and at least about 30 wt. % water.