Gripping surface for manufactured articles
A gripping surface for a manufactured article comprising: a first pillar cluster disposed on a substate and having: a first pillar, having a first apex vector and a first draft angle defined by a first side of the first pillar and s substrate; a second draft angle defined by a second side of the first pillar and the substrate wherein the second draft angle is less than the first draft angle; and, a second pillar having a second apex vector wherein the first apex angle and the second apex angle are parallel; wherein the first pillar cluster has a triangular orientation; and, a second pillar cluster having: a first set of pillars arranged in a first concentric circle; and, a second set of pillars arranged in a second concentric circle wherein the first pillar cluster and the second pillar cluster cover less than 25% of the article.
1. A gripping surface for manufactured articles comprising:
a first pillar, having a first apex vector and disposed on the manufactured article;
a first draft angle defined by a first side of the first pillar and a surface of a substrate;
a second draft angle defined by a second side of the first pillar;
a second pillar having a second apex vector wherein the first apex vector and the second apex vector are configured to converge;
a first cluster defined by the first pillar and the second pillar;
a second cluster wherein a cluster distance between the first cluster and the second cluster is greater than a distance between the first pillar and the second pillar
a cluster footprint defined by the first cluster and the second cluster wherein the cluster footprint and an area occupied by the cluster footprint is 80% or less relative to a substrate area; and,
a contact surface defined by an aggregate of the tops of each pillar wherein the contact surface that is less than 25% of a substrate surface.
2. The surface of claim 1 wherein two or more pillars combine to provide a contact surface with a pull force greater than 50 newtons according to a pull test.
3. The surface of claim 1 including a third pillar having a third apex vector wherein the first apex vector, the second apex vector and the third apex vector define a triangular pillar array.
4. The surface of claim 3 wherein:
the triangular pillar array is an inner triangular pillar array; and,
an outer triangular pillar array is defined by a set of outer pillars each having an outer draft angle wherein the outer draft angle is equal or larger than any one of the first draft angle, the second draft angle and a third draft angle.
5. The surface of claim 1 wherein the first cluster, the second cluster and a third cluster define a circular footprint.
6. A gripping surface for manufactured articles comprising:
a first pillar, having a first apex vector and disposed on the manufactured article; a first draft angle defined by a first side of the first pillar and a surface of a substrate;
a second draft angle defined by a second side of the first pillar;
a second pillar having a second apex vector wherein the first apex vector and the second apex vector are configured to converge;
a first cluster defined by the first pillar and the second pillar;
a second cluster wherein a cluster distance between the first cluster and the second cluster is greater than a distance between the first pillar and the second pillar
a cluster footprint defined by the first cluster and the second cluster wherein the cluster footprint and an area occupied by the cluster footprint is 80% or less relative to a substrate area; and,
a void defined by a plurality of clusters wherein the void is less than 50% of a substrate surface.
7. The surface of claim 6 wherein the void surrounds a set of clusters.
8. A gripping surface for manufactured articles comprising:
a first pillar, having a first apex vector and disposed on the manufactured article; a first draft angle defined by a first side of the first pillar and a surface of a substrate;
a second draft angle defined by a second side of the first pillar;
a second pillar having a second apex vector wherein the first apex vector and the second apex vector are configured to converge;
a first cluster defined by the first pillar and the second pillar;
a second cluster wherein a cluster distance between the first cluster and the second cluster is greater than a distance between the first pillar and the second pillar
a cluster footprint defined by the first cluster and the second cluster wherein the cluster footprint and an area occupied by the cluster footprint is 80% or less relative to a substrate area; and,
wherein the first pillar is in a range of 15 μm to 300 μm in diameter.
9. A gripping surface for manufactured articles comprising:
a first pillar, having a first apex vector and disposed on the manufactured article; a first draft angle defined by a first side of the first pillar and a surface of a substrate;
a second draft angle defined by a second side of the first pillar;
a second pillar having a second apex vector wherein the first apex vector and the second apex vector are configured to converge;
a first cluster defined by the first pillar and the second pillar;
a second cluster wherein a cluster distance between the first cluster and the second cluster is greater than a distance between the first pillar and the second pillar
a cluster footprint defined by the first cluster and the second cluster wherein the cluster footprint and an area occupied by the cluster footprint is 80% or less relative to a substrate area; and,
wherein the first pillar is 300 microns or less in height.
10. A gripping surface for manufactured articles comprising:
a first pillar, having a first apex vector and disposed on the manufactured article; a first draft angle defined by a first side of the first pillar and a surface of a substrate;
a second draft angle defined by a second side of the first pillar;
a second pillar having a second apex vector wherein the first apex vector and the second apex vector are configured to converge;
a first cluster defined by the first pillar and the second pillar;
a second cluster wherein a cluster distance between the first cluster and the second cluster is greater than a distance between the first pillar and the second pillar
a cluster footprint defined by the first cluster and the second cluster wherein the cluster footprint and an area occupied by the cluster footprint is 80% or less relative to a substrate area; and,
wherein a set of clusters disposed on the substrate define a cluster footprint, and a ratio of the cluster footprint is in a range of 25% to 85% relative to a substrate area.
11. A gripping surface for a manufactured article comprising:
a first pillar, having a first apex vector and disposed on the manufactured article; a first draft angle defined by a first side of the first pillar and a substrate;
a second draft angle defined by a second side of the first pillar and the substrate wherein the second draft angle is equal or less than the first draft angle;
a second pillar having a second apex vector wherein the first apex vector and the second apex vector are parallel;
a first cluster defined by the first pillar and the second pillar and having a first cluster slant angle;
a pillar distance defined between the first pillar and the second pillar;
a second cluster disposed at a distance from the first cluster greater than the pillar distance and having a second slant angle, and,
wherein the first cluster slant angle and a second cluster slant angle sum to about 180 degrees.
12. The surface of claim 11 wherein a combination of pillars are configured to have a higher grip force in a first direction and a lower grip force in a second direction.
13. The surface of claim 11 comprising:
including a first cluster defined by the first pillar and the second pillar and having a first cluster slant angle;
a pillar distance defined between the first pillar and the second pillar;
a second cluster disposed at a distance from the first cluster greater than the pillar distance;
a second cluster slant angle parallel to the first cluster slant angle.
14. The surface of claim 11 including an opening extending through the manufactured article.
15. A gripping surface for a manufactured article comprising:
a first pillar, having a first apex vector and disposed on the manufactured article; a first draft angle defined by a first side of the first pillar and a substrate;
a second draft angle defined by a second side of the first pillar and the substrate wherein the second draft angle is equal or less than the first draft angle;
a second pillar having a second apex vector wherein the first apex vector and the second apex vector are parallel;
wherein the first pillar is disposed at an edge of the manufactured article and has a first pillar height;
the second pillar is disposed on an interior of the manufactured article and includes a second pillar height; and,
wherein the first pillar height is less than the second pillar height.
16. A gripping surface for a manufactured article comprising:
a first pillar cluster disposed on a substate carried by the manufactured article and having:
a first pillar, having a first apex vector and
a first draft angle defined by a first side of the first pillar and a substrate; a second draft angle defined by a second side of the first pillar and the
substrate wherein the second draft angle is less than the first draft angle; and,
a second pillar having a second apex vector wherein the first apex vector and the second apex vector are parallel;
wherein the first pillar cluster has a triangular orientation; and, a second pillar cluster having:
a first set of pillars arranged in a first concentric circle; and,
a second set of pillars arranged in a second concentric circle wherein the first pillar cluster and the second pillar cluster cover less than 25% of the article.
17. The surface of claim 16 wherein the first pillar has a height of 300 μm or less relative to the substrate and a land to sea ratio ration of 1:3 or less.