Integrated alternator for aerial vehicle engine
A technique for generating electrical power from an engine in an aerial vehicle includes providing an alternator disk structure (ADS) between the engine and a propeller of the vehicle. The ADS is disposed concentrically with an engine drive shaft that drives the propeller and includes at least two concentric regions, a first region having a stator and a second region having a rotor. The first region is rotationally fixed relative to the engine, and the second region is coupled to a drive shaft of the engine. As the engine rotates the drive shaft, the rotor disposed in the second region spins concentrically relative to the stator disposed in the first region, thereby inducing electrical current in windings of the stator. The rotor and the stator thus work together to generate electrical power, which may be conveyed from the stator to electrical subsystems and controls of the vehicle.
1. An apparatus for generating electrical power in an aerial vehicle having an engine, a propeller, and a drive shaft coupled between the engine and the propeller, the apparatus comprising:
an alternator disk structure (ADS) disposed between the engine and the propeller, the ADS including an inner region and an outer region,
the inner region of the ADS being rotationally fixed relative to an engine block of the engine and including a stator, the stator having windings,
the outer region of the ADS being free to rotate relative to the inner region, the outer region coupled to the drive shaft and including a rotor,
wherein the rotor of the outer region is constructed and arranged to spin relative to the stator of the inner region in response to rotation of the drive shaft by the engine, thereby inducing electrical current in the windings of the stator, and
wherein the outer region is part of a starter ring gear support (SRGS) concentric with the drive shaft and coupled to an electric starter, the SRGS constructed and arranged to rotate the drive shaft for starting the engine.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the ADS is disposed within a cowling of the aerial vehicle.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the ADS is disposed outside any oil-filled portion of the engine.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the outer region is coupled to the drive shaft via a coupling.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the rotor includes a plurality of permanent magnets uniformly spaced at regular angular intervals.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the windings of the inner region are provided in multiple groups, wherein the windings within each group are electrically connected together but are electrically isolated from the windings of any other group.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the inner region has an outer circumference, and wherein the windings of the inner region are disposed along the outer circumference in a clustered manner, such that the windings are not distributed uniformly along the outer circumference.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising at least one AC-to-DC converter integral to the inner region.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising at least one AC-to-AC converter integral to the inner region.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising electronic control circuitry coupled to the stator, the electronic control circuitry constructed and arranged to back-drive the windings of the stator.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the electronic control circuitry constructed and arranged to back-drive the windings of the stator is further constructed and arranged to start the engine.
12. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the electronic control circuitry constructed and arranged to back-drive the windings of the stator is further constructed and arranged to provide power for rotating the propeller in a fuel-electric hybrid arrangement.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the SRGS includes a dome-shaped cover disposed between the inner region of the ADS and the propeller, the dome-shaped cover concentric with the drive shaft and forming a starter gear ring constructed and arranged to engage the electric starter for starting the engine.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising:
bracketry coupled between the inner region of the ADS and an engine block of the engine, the bracketry rotationally fixing the inner region relative to the engine block.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the inner region has an outer circumference and wherein the windings of the inner region are arranged in a partial arc along the outer circumference.
16. A method of generating electrical power in an aerial vehicle, comprising:
operating an engine of the aerial vehicle to rotate a propeller via a drive shaft coupled between the engine and the propeller;
providing a first disk region that is rotationally fixed relative to an engine block of the engine, the first disk region including a stator;
providing a second disk region that is part of a starter ring gear support (SRGS) concentric with the drive shaft and coupled to an electric starter, the SRGS constructed and arranged to rotate the drive shaft for starting the engine, the first disk region and the second disk region each being concentric with the drive shaft, the second disk region including a rotor;
coupling the drive shaft to the second disk region, such that an array of magnets of the rotor rotates along with the drive shaft; and
as the array of magnets rotates, inducing electrical current to flow within windings of the stator.
17. An aerial vehicle, comprising:
an engine having a drive shaft and an engine block;
a propeller coupled to the drive shaft, the drive shaft coupled between the engine block and the propeller;
a first disk region rotationally fixed relative to the engine block and including a stator, the stator having windings, and
a second disk region coupled to the drive shaft and including a rotor,
wherein the first disk region and the second disk region are each concentric with the drive shaft,
wherein the second region is constructed and arranged to spin relative to the first region in response to rotation of the drive shaft, thereby causing the rotor to rotate relative to the stator and inducing electrical current in the windings of the stator, and
wherein the second disk region is part of a starter ring gear support (SRGS) concentric with the drive shaft and coupled to an electric starter, the SRGS constructed and arranged to rotate the drive shaft for starting the engine.
18. The aerial vehicle of claim 17 , wherein the drive shaft is coupled with and extends through the SRGS between the engine block and the propeller.