Hydrophobically-modified biopolymer materials
In various aspects and embodiments, the present invention provides hemostatic products and methods for treating wounds, including cavity wounds and non-compressible hemorrhage. In various embodiments, the invention employs hydrophobically-modified polymer foams, gels, or pastes.
1. A hemostatic product comprising a container having at least two compartments each containing a releasable, flowable product: wherein a first compartment comprises a solution having a concentration from about 0.1 wt % to about 5 wt % of an acidified hydrophobically-modified chitosan that creates hemostasis and has a pH of from about 2 to about 4.5, and a second compartment comprises a solution of a bicarbonate or carbonate salt at an alkaline pH, wherein the hydrophobic modifications of the chitosan comprise linear hydrocarbon groups in the range of C6 to C18.
2. The product of claim 1 , wherein the linear hydrocarbon groups are independently selected from C12, C14, and C16 hydrocarbon chains.
3. The product of claim 1 , comprising:
(a) grafts of C6 to C8 in length;
(b) grafts of C10 to C14 in length; and
(c) grafts of C16 to C18 in length.
4. The product of claim 3 , wherein the hydrocarbon groups comprise or consist essentially of C8, C12, and C16 hydrocarbon groups.
5. The product of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobically-modified polymer has a grafting density from about 1% to about 50% of available functional groups on the polymer backbone.
6. The product of claim 5 , wherein the hydrocarbon groups have a grafting density of: about 3% to about 7% C8, about 1% to about 5% C12, and/or about 0.5% to about 3% C16, with respect to available amines.
7. The product of claim 1 , wherein one or more compartments comprise one or more foam stabilizing additives.
8. The product of claim 7 , wherein the foam stabilizing additives comprise a non-ionic surfactant.
9. The product of claim 1 , wherein the hydrophobically-modified polymer solution in the first compartment comprises an organic acid, wherein the organic acid is selected from acetic acid, lactic acid, ascorbic acid, and citric acid.
10. The product of claim 9 , wherein the hydrophobically-modified polymer solution in the first compartment comprises from about 0.5 to about 2M acetic acid in water.
11. The product of claim 1 , comprising a sodium bicarbonate solution in the second container.
12. A method for treating a wound in a body cavity of a mammal, comprising: releasing contents of the product of claim 1 into a cavity comprising the wound.
13. The method of claim 12 , wherein the wound is a non-compressible hemorrhage.
14. A hemostatic product comprising a container having at least two compartments each containing a releasable, flowable product: wherein a first compartment comprises a solution having a concentration from about 0.1 wt % to about 5 wt % of an acidified cationic hydrophobically-modified chitosan that creates hemostasis and has a pH of from about 2 to about 4.5, and a second compartment comprises a solution of a bicarbonate or carbonate salt at an alkaline pH and an anionic polymer, wherein the hydrophobic modifications of the chitosan comprise linear hydrocarbon groups in the range of C6 to C18.
15. A method of treating a bleeding wound, comprising: releasing contents of the product of claim 14 to the bleeding wound.