Optical designs of electronic apparatus to decrease myopia progression
A soft contact lens comprises a plurality of light sources coupled to a plurality of optical elements. The plurality of light sources and the plurality of optical elements are embedded in a soft contact lens material. Each of said plurality of optical elements generates an image focused in front of a peripheral retina of a wearer. In some embodiments, each of the images is focused at a distance in front of the peripheral retina at a location, and each of the images comprises a depth of focus and a spatial resolution. The depth of focus can be less than the distance, and the spatial resolution greater than a spatial resolution of the peripheral retina at the location.
1. An apparatus to treat myopia of an eye having a retina, comprising:
a lens;
a plurality of light sources; and
a plurality of projection optics coupled to the plurality of light sources to project a plurality of images anterior to the retina to decrease a progression of myopia of the eye, said plurality of projection optics comprising a plurality of image forming optics optically coupled to said plurality of light sources to project the plurality of images anterior to a surface of the retina, each of the plurality of projection optics comprising one or more of a mirror, a lens, or a lightguide;
wherein each of the plurality of projection optics creates an image anterior to an outer portion of the retina with an eccentricity of no more than 30 degrees and wherein a modulation transfer function of said image decreases by at least 0.1 units for a defocus of 1.0 diopters.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said apparatus is configured to reverse myopia.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of projection optics is arranged to project the plurality of images of the plurality of light sources at a plurality of outer regions of the retina of the eye with an eccentricity within a range from 15 degrees to 30 degrees with respect to a fovea of the eye.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said each of the plurality of projection optics is arranged to project an image myopically defocused with respect to a retinal surface, wherein an amount of said defocus is within a range from 2.0D to 5.0D.
5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said each of the plurality of projection optics is located 1.5 mm to 5.0 mm from a center of a contact lens.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of said plurality of light sources has a maximum distance across not exceeding 26 microns and optionally no more than 10 microns.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of image forming optics comprises one or more of a diffractive element, a Fresnel lens, or a compound Gabor lens.
8. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of image forming optics has a maximum distance across within a range from 1.5 mm to 200 microns.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of image forming optics is aspheric and corrected for image aberrations.
10. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein said each of the plurality of image forming optic forms the image anterior to the outer portion of the retina at an eccentricity within a range from 15 degrees to 30 degrees from a fovea.
11. The apparatus of claim 9 , wherein said each of the plurality of image forming optics creates an image anterior to the retina with an image of magnification within a range from 25 to 100.
12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of image forming optics comprises a combination of convex and concave mirrors.
13. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the image anterior to the outer portion of the retina comprises magnitude of modulation transfer function of no less than 0.75 at a spatial frequency of 10 1p/mm, and no less than 0.40 at a spatial frequency of 50 1p/mm.
14. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein each of the plurality of image forming optics comprises a collimating optic configured to form the image anterior to the retina.
15. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said each of the plurality of projection optics comprises a single lens to function both as a collimating optic and an image forming optic.
16. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the plurality of image forming optics creates the image anterior to the outer portion of the retina with teh eccentricity of no more than 30 degrees and a depth of focus of no more than 1.0D.
17. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said plurality of light sources comprises from 4 to 8 micro-displays, disposed evenly along an arc of said lens, each being displaced equally from an optical center of said lens.
18. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the lightguide comprises a waveguide.