Enhanced settling and dewatering of oil sands mature fine tailings with titanomagnetite nanoparticles grafted with polyacrylamide and lauryl sulfate
Nanoflocculants are provided that are comprised of nanoparticles of titanomagnetite having anionic surface moieties associated with electrostatically bound polymerized chains of cationic polyacrylamide, further comprising lauryl sulfate moieties adsorbed to the surface of nanoparticles of the titanomagnetite nanoparticles and/or adsorbed to the bound cationic polyacrylamide polymers. These nanoflocculants combine the dual functionalities of the polyacrylamide/lauryl sulfate moieties, as well as the surface activity of titanomagnetite nanomaterials. Process are provided for making and using the disclosed nanoflocculants, including uses for flocculating intimate aqueous dispersions of solids and bitumen.
1. A flocculating agent comprising:
a metal oxide nanoparticle comprising a surface;
said surface comprising a negative charge;
acrylamide;
a hydrophilic segment;
a hydrophobic segment; and
sodium lauryl sulfate.
2. The flocculating agent of claim 1 wherein said acrylamide is polymerized to form polyacrylamide.
3. The flocculating agent of claim 1 wherein said acrylamide is cationic.
4. The flocculating agent of claim 1 wherein said acrylamide is anionic.
5. The flocculating agent of claim 1 wherein said sodium lauryl sulfate is anionic.
6. The flocculating agent of claim 1 wherein said acrylamide is associated with said surface of said metal oxide nanoparticle.
7. The flocculating agent of claim 2 wherein said polyacrylamide is associated with said surface of said metal oxide nanoparticle.
8. The flocculating agent of claim 1 wherein said sodium lauryl sulfate is associated with said surface of said metal oxide nanoparticle.
9. The flocculating agent of claim 2 wherein said sodium lauryl sulfate is associated with said acrylamide.
10. The flocculating agent of claim 1 wherein the metal oxide nanoparticle comprises titanomagnetite.