Palatal expansion appliances and methods of producing and using the same
The present disclosure provides multi-material orthodontic appliances useful for expanding a palate or arch of a patient, and, in some case, moving one or more teeth of the patient from a first to a second location according to a treatment plan. Further provided herein are methods for producing and using such multi-material orthodontic appliances on an individualized basis where each appliance is tailored to the specific treatment requirements of a patient.
1 . A multi-material orthodontic appliance, comprising:
a shell comprising a first material, wherein the shell contains:
a teeth-receiving portion; and
a palatal portion comprising a cavity; and
a second material located in the cavity, and
wherein the first material comprises a first portion and a second portion, wherein the second portion is a thermo-cured polymeric material, and the first portion is not thermo-cured.
2 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 1 , wherein the first portion of the first material is a photo-cured polymeric material.
3 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 2 , wherein the first portion corresponds to at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, or at least 90% by weight of the first material.
4 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 1 , wherein the second portion corresponds to at most 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, 50%, 40%, 30%, 20%, or at most 10% by weight of the first material.
5 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 1 , wherein the first material comprises an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN).
6 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 1 , wherein the second material is a polymeric material comprising a thermo-cured polymer, a photo-cured polymer, or a combination thereof.
7 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 1 , wherein the first material is characterized by one or more of the following properties:
(A) a tensile modulus of at least 200 MPa, 400 MPa, 600 MPa, 800 MPa, 1,000 MPa, 1,200 MPa, 1,400 MPa, or 1,600 MPa;
(B) an elongation at break of at least 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, 110%, 120%, 130%, 140%, 150%, or at least 160%;
(C) a flexural modulus remaining of 10 MPa or more, 20 MPa or more, 50 MPa or more, 60 MPa or more, 70 MPa or more, 80 MPa or more, 90 MPa or more, 100 MPa or more, 125 MPa or more, 150 MPa or more, 175 MPa or more, 200 MPa or more, 225 MPa or more, 250 MPa or more, 275 MPa or more, 300 MPa or more, or 350 MPa or more, after 24 hours in a wet environment at 37° C.;
(D) a water uptake of less than 25 wt %, less than 15 wt %, or less than 10 wt %, when measured after 24 hours in a wet environment at 37° C.;
(E) is bioinert, biocompatible, or a combination thereof; and
(F) comprises a plurality of polymeric phases, wherein at least one polymeric phase of the one or more polymeric phases has a T g of at least 60° C., 80° C., 90° C., 100° C., or at least 110° C.
8 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 7 , wherein the first material is characterized by two or more of the properties (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F).
9 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 7 , wherein the first material is characterized by three or more of the properties (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F).
10 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 7 , wherein the first material is characterized by four or more of the properties (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F).
11 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 7 , wherein the first material is characterized by five or more of the properties (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F).
12 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 7 , wherein the first material is characterized by all the properties (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F).
13 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 1 , wherein the second material is characterized by one or more of the following properties:
(G) a flexural modulus of at least 70 MPa, 80 MPa, 90 MPa, 100 MPa or more in a standard 0.78 mm flat sheet geometry;
(H) a tensile modulus of at least 300 MPa, at least 400 MPa, at least 500 MPa, at least 600 MPa, or at least 700 MPa; and
(I) a water uptake of less than 25 wt %, less than 15 wt %, or less than 10 wt %, when measured after 24 hours in a wet environment at 37° C.
14 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 13 , wherein the second material is characterized by two or more of the properties (G), (H), and (I).
15 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 13 , wherein the second material is characterized by all of properties (G), (H), and (I).
16 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 1 , wherein the shell is formed by 3D printing.
17 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 1 , wherein the second material has greater than 40% conversion of double bonds to single bonds compared to the unpolymerized resin, as measured by FTIR.
18 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 2 , wherein at least 50%, 70%, 90%, 95%, or at least 97% of visible light passes through the first photo-cured portion of the first material.
19 . The multi-material orthodontic appliance of claim 1 , wherein at most 30%, 20%, 10%, or at most 5% of visible light passes through the second thermo-cured portion of the first material.
20 . A multi-material orthodontic appliance, comprising:
a shell comprising a first material, wherein the shell contains:
a teeth-receiving portion; and
a palatal portion comprising a cavity; and
a second material located in the cavity, and
wherein the first material comprises an interpenetrating polymer network (IPN).