Tungsten-containing bulk catalysts, method of making the same, and their use in low pressure diesel hydroprocessing

1 . A composition comprising a compound having a formula:

Co y W 1-x M x O 4   (I),

wherein

M is Mo;

0.5≥x≥0; and

1≤y≤4,

wherein the compound is substantially in a hexagonal phase and has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising characteristic diffraction peaks having d-spacing values of about 2.90 Å, 2.56 Å, and 1.73 Å, and

wherein the X-ray powder diffraction pattern is free of diffraction peaks below a two-theta value of 18°.

2 . The composition of claim 1 , wherein the compound is prepared by hydrothermally reacting tungstic acid and cobalt carbonate, wherein the cobalt carbonate has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising characteristic diffraction peaks having d-spacing values of about 10.03 Å, 5.91 Å, 4.35 Å, and 4.21 Å.

3 . The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a chelant containing at least 10 carbon atoms.

4 . The composition of claim 3 , wherein the chelant is an amide having at least 10 carbons.

5 . The composition of claim 3 , wherein the chelant contains at least 15 carbon atoms.

6 . The composition of claim 3 , wherein the chelant comprises an amine or an amide functional group.

7 . The composition of claim 3 , wherein the chelant is stearylamine.

8 . The composition of claim 7 , further comprising elemental sulfur.

9 . A bulk catalyst composition produced by sulfiding the composition of claim 1 .

10 . A method of making a bulk catalyst composition comprising:

(i) combining tungstic acid, cobalt carbonate, and optionally molybdenum trioxide, and

(ii) reacting the tungstic acid, cobalt carbonate, and optional molybdenum trioxide to form a catalyst composition,

wherein the cobalt carbonate has a first X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising characteristic diffraction peaks having d-spacing values of about 10.03 Å, 5.91 Å, 4.35 Å, and 4.21 Å,

wherein the catalyst composition comprises a compound having a formula

Co y W 1-x M x O 4   (I),

wherein

M is Mo;

0.5≥x≥0; and

1≤y≤4,

wherein the compound is substantially in a hexagonal phase and has a second X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising characteristic diffraction peaks having d-spacing values of about 2.90 Å, 2.56 Å, and 1.73 Å, and

wherein the second X-ray powder diffraction pattern is free of diffraction peaks below a two-theta value of 18°.

11 . The method of claim 10 , further comprising reacting the catalyst composition with a chelant containing at least 10 carbon atoms in hydrothermal conditions.

12 . The method of claim 11 , wherein the chelant comprises an amine or an amide functional group.

13 . The method of claim 12 , further comprising reacting the catalyst composition with elemental sulfur.

14 . The method of claim 10 , further comprising sulfiding the catalyst composition.

15 . A method comprising:

(i) contacting a feed with hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a compound having a formula:

Co y W 1-x M x O 4   (I),

wherein

M is Mo;

0.5≥x≥0; and

1≤y≤4; and

(ii) forming a hydrocarbon product,

wherein the compound is substantially in a hexagonal phase and has an X-ray powder diffraction pattern comprising characteristic diffraction peaks having d-spacing values of about 2.90 Å, 2.56 Å, and 1.73 Å, and

wherein the X-ray powder diffraction pattern is free of diffraction peaks below a two-theta value of 18°.

16 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the catalyst composition further comprises a chelant containing at least 10 carbon atoms.

17 . The method of claim 16 , wherein the chelant comprises an amine or an amide functional group.

18 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the catalyst composition further comprises elemental sulfur.

19 . The method of claim 15 , wherein the method further comprises sulfiding the catalyst composition prior to the contacting.