Device for controlling RF electromagnetic beams according to their frequency band, and manufacturing method
A device for controlling radiofrequency beams of a given polarization, the device includes a set of at least one cell, comprising a support frame and at least one interconnection internal to the frame. The frame is inscribed within a prism, having a given axis Z′ and faces connected to one another by edges oriented along the axis Z′. The frame comprises corner elements, each having a rim coincident with an edge and being arranged such that the frame has, on each face, a slot (440- n ) extending along the axis Z′. The interconnection comprises inductive rods, each comprising two ends of which a first end is connected to a rim, the second ends being connected to one another at a connection point positioned in the centre of the frame in a plane orthogonal to the axis Z′. Each cell is configured to carry out polarization-invariant transmission and/or reflection of beams.
1. A device for controlling radiofrequency beams, comprising a set of at least one cell, said cell comprising a support frame and at least one interconnection internal to said support frame, said radiofrequency beams being TEM electromagnetic waves having a given polarization, wherein said support frame is inscribed within a general shape of a prism, having a given axis Z′, said prism comprising N faces P n connected to one another by N edges A n , oriented along the axis of the prism Z′, said support frame comprising N corner elements, each corner element having a rim coincident with one of said edges of the prism, the corner elements being arranged such that the support frame has, on each face of the prism, a slot extending along the axis of the prism Z′, said support frame being interrupted by said slots; and
in that each internal interconnection comprises N inductive rods each comprising two ends, the inductive rods each having a first end connected to one of said rims of the support frame, the second ends of the inductive rods being connected to one another at a rod connection point, said rod connection point being positioned substantially in the centre of said support frame in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the prism Z′,
each cell being configured to carry out polarization-invariant transmission and/or reflection of radiofrequency beams of said TEM electromagnetic waves.
2. The device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 1 , wherein the cell comprises at least two internal interconnections, and wherein the cell furthermore comprises at least one capacitive plate internal to said support frame and extending in a plane orthogonal to the axis of the prism Z′, said at least one capacitive plate being arranged between said two internal interconnections.
3. The device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 1 , wherein a cell comprises at least two internal interconnections, and wherein the cell furthermore comprises at least one central pillar extending along the axis of the prism Z′ and being arranged substantially in the centre of said support frame, said central pillar comprising an upper end connected to the rod connection point of one of said internal interconnections, and a lower end connected to the rod connection point of another internal interconnection.
4. The device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 2 , wherein said at least one capacitive plate is connected to the support frame by at least one central pillar extending along the axis of the prism Z′ and comprising an upper end and a lower end, the capacitive plate being arranged substantially in the middle of the central pillar.
5. The device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 2 , wherein said at least one capacitive plate is held inside the support frame by way of a dielectric support.
6. The device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 1 , wherein said support frame and said at least one internal interconnection, forming each cell, are electrically conductive and consist of a single electrically conductive material.
7. The device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 1 , wherein the number Nis equal to 4 and said support frame having a square parallelepipedal shape, or wherein the number Nis equal to 6 and said support frame having a hexagonal prism shape.
8. The device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 1 , wherein the device for controlling radiofrequency beams is defined in a coordinate system (X,Y,Z), the device for controlling radiofrequency beams generally extending in a plane (X,Y), and wherein the axis of the prism Z′ is parallel to said axis Z, said support frame having a right prism shape.
9. The device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 1 , wherein the device for controlling radiofrequency beams is defined in a coordinate system (X,Y,Z), the device for controlling radiofrequency beams generally extending in a plane (X,Y), the axis of the prism Z′ having an incline β with respect to the axis Z, and said support frame having an oblique prism shape.
10. The device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 1 , wherein the inductive rods and the rims of said support frame form an angle γ between 45° and 90°, and/or between 90° and 135°.
11. The device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 1 , wherein the device for controlling radiofrequency beams is defined in a coordinate system (X,Y,Z), the device for controlling radiofrequency beams generally extending in a plane (X,Y), the device comprising a set of multiple cells having variable geometric shapes and dimensions in the plane (X,Y).
12. An optical system comprising at least one first radiofrequency signal source configured to emit a radiofrequency beam of frequency band λ 1 in a given propagation direction and a device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 1 , said device for controlling radiofrequency beams being configured to reflect and/or transmit the radiofrequency beam in said given propagation direction and said frequency band λ 1 .
13. The optical system according to claim 12 , wherein the optical system comprises at least two radiofrequency signal sources, said sources comprising a second source configured to emit a radiofrequency beam of frequency band λ 2 in a given propagation direction, and wherein the device for controlling radiofrequency beams is defined in a coordinate system (X,Y,Z), the device for controlling radiofrequency beams generally extending in a plane (X,Y), the device for controlling radiofrequency beams being configured to reflect radiofrequency signals of frequency band λ 1 and transmit radiofrequency signals of frequency band λ 2 , said device for controlling radiofrequency beams being positioned between said sources, the axis Z having an angle of incidence α 1 with respect to said sources, for example α i =30°.
14. The optical system according to claim 12 , wherein the radiofrequency beam emitted by said first source is a TEM electromagnetic wave having a given phase, and wherein the device for controlling radiofrequency beams is defined in a coordinate system (X,Y,Z), the device for controlling radiofrequency beams generally extending in a plane (X,Y), the device for controlling radiofrequency beams comprising a set of multiple cells, said device for controlling radiofrequency beams being configured to modify said phase in the plane (X,Y).
15. A method for manufacturing the device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 1 , wherein the device is completely metal, and the manufacturing method uses at least one 3D printing technique.
16. The method for manufacturing the device for controlling radiofrequency beams according to claim 9 , said device comprising two faces defined in the plane (X,Y), and wherein the method comprises a first step of depositing metal layers stacked in the direction of said incline β, and then a second step of cutting at least one of the two faces of the device.