Granted Patent B2

US 12,674,109 · App. 18/158,522 · Granted Jul 7, 2026

Inventors: Daniel J. Despen (Oakdale, MN); James A. Mennell (Brighton, UT); Steve Filips (Mound, MN)

Assignee: Carbon Technology Holdings, LLC

C10L5/447B01J21/18C01B32/312C01B32/318C10B39/00C10B39/02C10B41/00C10B43/02C10B45/00C10B47/30C10B49/02C10B53/02C10B57/02C10B57/06C10B57/10C10L5/04C10L5/36C10L5/363C10L5/365C10L5/366C10L5/442C21B5/007C21C5/52C22B4/02H01B1/04C10L2200/0204C10L2200/025C10L2200/0469C10L2290/02C10L2290/06C10L2290/08C10L2290/145C10L2290/28C10L2290/30C10L2290/50C10L2290/52C10L2290/58C10L2290/60C21B13/0066Y02E50/10Y02E50/30Y02P10/143Y02P20/129Y02P20/145Y02W10/30Y02W10/37

Abstract

Claims (56)

1 . A biogenic carbon electrode composition comprising, on a dry basis:

at least about 85 wt % total carbon;

at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;

at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;

at least about 1 wt % and at most about 10 wt % oxygen;

at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus; and

an additive selected from a metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal halide, or a combination thereof;

wherein the biogenic carbon electrode composition is substantially free of fossil fuel.

2 . The biogenic carbon electrode composition of claim 1 , wherein the additive is selected from magnesium, manganese, aluminum, nickel, chromium, silicon, boron, cerium, molybdenum, phosphorus, tungsten, vanadium, iron halide, iron chloride, iron bromide, magnesium oxide, dolomite, dolomitic lime, fluorite, fluorospar, bentonite, calcium oxide, lime, or a combination thereof.

3 . The biogenic carbon electrode composition of claim 1 , wherein the total carbon consists essentially of biogenic carbon.

4 . A biogenic carbon electrode composition comprising, on a dry basis:

at least about 85 wt % total carbon;

at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;

at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;

at least about 1 wt % and at most about 10 wt % oxygen;

at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus; and

an additive selected from an acid or a salt thereof, or a base or a salt thereof;

wherein the biogenic carbon electrode composition is substantially free of fossil fuel.

5 . The biogenic carbon electrode composition of claim 4 , wherein the additive is selected from sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride, sodium silicate, potassium permanganate, or a combination thereof.

6 . The biogenic carbon electrode composition of claim 4 , wherein the total carbon consists essentially of biogenic carbon.

7 . A method of manufacturing a metal comprising:

consuming a biogenic carbon electrode composition, wherein the biogenic carbon electrode composition comprises, on a dry basis:

at least about 85 wt % total carbon;

at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;

at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;

at least about 1 wt % and at most about 10 wt % oxygen;

at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus; and

an additive selected from a metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal halide, or a combination thereof;

wherein the biogenic carbon electrode composition is substantially free of fossil fuel.

8 . The method of claim 7 , wherein the metal is aluminum.

9 . A method of manufacturing a metal comprising:

consuming a biogenic carbon electrode composition, wherein the biogenic carbon electrode composition, on a dry basis:

at least about 85 wt % total carbon;

at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;

at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;

at least about 1 wt % and at most about 10 wt % oxygen;

at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus; and

an additive selected from an acid or a salt thereof, or a base or a salt thereof;

wherein the biogenic carbon electrode composition is substantially free of fossil fuel.

10 . The method of claim 9 , wherein the metal is aluminum.

11 . A lithium-ion battery comprising a biogenic carbon anode composition, wherein the biogenic carbon anode composition comprises, on a dry basis:

at least about 85 wt % total carbon;

at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;

at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;

at least about 1 wt % and at most about 10 wt % oxygen;

at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus; and

an additive selected from a metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide, a metal halide, or a combination thereof;

wherein the biogenic carbon electrode composition is substantially free of fossil fuel.

12 . A lithium-ion battery comprising a biogenic carbon anode composition, wherein the biogenic carbon anode composition comprises, on a dry basis:

at least about 85 wt % total carbon;

at most about 5 wt % hydrogen;

at most about 1 wt % nitrogen;

at least about 1 wt % and at most about 10 wt % oxygen;

at most about 0.5 wt % phosphorus; and

an additive selected from an acid or a salt thereof, or a base or a salt thereof;

wherein the biogenic carbon electrode composition is substantially free of fossil fuel.

Assignments (6)

Continuity (22)

References Cited (400)