Multi-antenna reader channel state information acquisition
Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A network node may determine channel state information (CSI) for a link with an energy harvesting (EH)-capable device based on measurements of backscattered signals reflected from the EH-capable device. The network node may include multiple antennas and may indicate, to the EH-capable device, a frequency shift to be applied by the EH-capable device to backscattering. The network node may transmit reference signals from each antenna of the network node. The EH-capable device may backscatter the received reference signals in accordance with the indicated frequency shift, and the network node may measure the frequency-shifted backscattered responses to the reference signals to determine CSI between the different antennas and the EH-capable device. Based on the identified CSI, the network node may perform channel selection and/or spatial beamforming to increase received power at the EH-capable device for downlink transmissions to the EH-capable device.
1 . A network node for wireless communication, comprising:
a memory; and
at least one processor coupled to the memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:
transmit a first reference signal via a first antenna and a second reference signal via a second antenna, wherein a first precoding vector is associated with both the first reference signal and the second reference signal;
receive, from an energy harvesting (EH)-capable device, a first frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the first reference signal and a second frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the second reference signal, wherein the first frequency-shifted backscatter response and the second frequency-shifted backscatter response are based on the first precoding vector; and
transmit, to the EH-capable device, a signal based on channel state information, wherein the channel state information is based on the first frequency-shifted backscatter response and the second frequency-shifted backscatter response.
2 . The network node of claim 1 , wherein, to transmit the first reference signal via the first antenna and the second reference signal via the second antenna, the at least one processor is configured to time division multiplex the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
3 . The network node of claim 1 , wherein, to transmit the first reference signal via the first antenna and the second reference signal via the second antenna, the at least one processor is configured to frequency division multiplex the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
4 . The network node of claim 1 , wherein, to transmit the first reference signal via the first antenna and the second reference signal via the second antenna, the at least one processor is configured to code division multiplex the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
5 . The network node of claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to:
transmit a third reference signal via the first antenna and a fourth reference signal via the second antenna, wherein a second precoding vector is associated with the third reference signal and the fourth reference signal; and
receive, from the EH-capable device, a third frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the third reference signal and a fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the fourth reference signal, wherein the channel state information is based on the third frequency-shifted backscatter response and the fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response.
6 . The network node of claim 5 , wherein, to transmit the signal based on the channel state information, the at least one processor is configured to transmit the signal using one of the first precoding vector or the second precoding vector.
7 . The network node of claim 5 , wherein, to transmit the signal based on the channel state information, the at least one processor is configured to determine, based on the channel state information, a particular precoding vector to use to transmit the signal, wherein the particular precoding vector is one of the first precoding vector or the second precoding vector.
8 . The network node of claim 7 , wherein the at least one processor is configured to:
determine the channel state information based at least in part on a respective strength for each of the first frequency-shifted backscatter response, the second frequency-shifted backscatter response, the third frequency-shifted backscatter response, and the fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response, wherein to determine the particular precoding vector, the at least one processor is configured to determine the particular precoding vector based on the respective strength for each of the first frequency-shifted backscatter response, the second frequency-shifted backscatter response, the third frequency-shifted backscatter response, and the fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response.
9 . The network node of claim 1 , wherein the channel state information includes first channel state information based on the first frequency-shifted backscatter response and second channel state information based on the second frequency-shifted backscatter response.
10 . The network node of claim 1 , wherein, to transmit the first reference signal via the first antenna and the second reference signal via the second antenna, the at least one processor is configured to transmit the first reference signal via a first sub-band and a first time resource and the second reference signal via a second sub-band and the first time resource, and wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
transmit a third reference signal via the first antenna via the second sub-band and a second time resource;
transmit a fourth reference signal via the second antenna via the first sub-band and the second time resource; and
receive, from the EH-capable device, a third frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the third reference signal and a fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the fourth reference signal, wherein the channel state information is based on the third frequency-shifted backscatter response and the fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response.
11 . The network node of claim 10 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
transmit, to the EH-capable device, control information that is indicative of a first frequency shift to apply to the first sub-band and to the second sub-band during the first time resource and a second frequency shift to apply to the first sub-band and to the second sub-band during the second time resource, wherein the first frequency-shifted backscatter response and the second frequency-shifted backscatter response are received in accordance with the first frequency shift, and wherein the third frequency-shifted backscatter response and the fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response are received in accordance with the second frequency shift.
12 . The network node of claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
transmit, to the EH-capable device, control information that is indicative of a frequency shift to be applied to the first reference signal and the second reference signal, wherein receipt of the first frequency-shifted backscatter response and the second frequency-shifted backscatter response is in accordance with the frequency shift.
13 . The network node of claim 12 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
transmit, to a second EH-capable device, second control information that is indicative of a second frequency shift to be applied to the first reference signal and the second reference signal;
receive, from the second EH-capable device, a third frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the first reference signal and a fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the second reference signal, wherein receipt of the third frequency-shifted backscatter response and the fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response is in accordance with the second frequency shift; and
transmit, to the second EH-capable device, a second signal based on second channel state information, wherein the second channel state information is based on the third frequency-shifted backscatter response and the fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response.
14 . The network node of claim 12 , wherein the control information is indicative of an identifier for the EH-capable device.
15 . The network node of claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
select a first beam associated with the first reference signal based on the channel state information, wherein the second reference signal is associated with a second beam, and wherein transmission of the signal is via the first beam.
16 . The network node of claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
transmit, to the EH-capable device, control information indicating for the EH-capable device to apply a same reflection coefficient to the first reference signal and the second reference signal, wherein the channel state information is based on the same reflection coefficient.
17 . An energy harvesting (EH)-capable device comprising:
a memory; and
at least one processor coupled to the memory, wherein the at least one processor is configured to:
receive, from a network node, control information including an indication of a frequency shift to apply to backscatter-modulation;
receive, from the network node, a first reference signal and a second reference signal, wherein a first precoding vector is associated with both the first reference signal and the second reference signal; and
backscatter the first reference signal and the second reference signal in accordance with the frequency shift, wherein the backscattered first reference signal and the backscattered second reference signal are based on the first precoding vector.
18 . The EH-capable device of claim 17 , wherein the indication is indicative of a same frequency shift to apply to the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
19 . The EH-capable device of claim 17 , wherein the indication is indicative of a first frequency shift to apply to reference signals received via a first sub-band and a second frequency shift to apply to reference signals received via a second sub-band, and wherein the first reference signal is received via the first sub-band and the second reference signal is received via the second sub-band.
20 . The EH-capable device of claim 17 , wherein the control information includes an identifier for the EH-capable device.
21 . The EH-capable device of claim 17 , wherein the control information includes a second indication to apply a same reflection coefficient to the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
22 . The EH-capable device of claim 17 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to:
receive, from the network node, a signal based on the backscattered first reference signal and the backscattered second reference signal.
23 . A method for wireless communications at a network node, comprising:
transmitting a first reference signal via a first antenna and a second reference signal via a second antenna, wherein a first precoding vector is associated with both the first reference signal and the second reference signal;
receiving, from an energy harvesting (EH)-capable device, a first frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the first reference signal and a second frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the second reference signal, wherein the first frequency-shifted backscatter response and the second frequency-shifted backscatter response are based on the first precoding vector; and
transmitting, to the EH-capable device, a signal based on channel state information, wherein the channel state information is based on the first frequency-shifted backscatter response and the second frequency-shifted backscatter response.
24 . The method of claim 23 , wherein transmitting the first reference signal via the first antenna and the second reference signal via the second antenna comprises:
time division multiplexing the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
25 . The method of claim 23 , wherein transmitting the first reference signal via the first antenna and the second reference signal via the second antenna comprises:
frequency division multiplexing the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
26 . The method of claim 23 , wherein transmitting the first reference signal via the first antenna and the second reference signal via the second antenna comprises:
code division multiplexing the first reference signal and the second reference signal.
27 . The method of claim 23 , further comprising:
transmitting a third reference signal via the first antenna and a fourth reference signal via the second antenna, wherein a second precoding vector is associated with the third reference signal and the fourth reference signal; and
receiving, from the EH-capable device, a third frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the third reference signal and a fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response corresponding to the fourth reference signal, wherein the channel state information is based on the third frequency-shifted backscatter response and the fourth frequency-shifted backscatter response.
28 . A method for wireless communications at an energy harvesting (EH)-capable device, comprising:
receiving, from a network node, control information including an indication of a frequency shift to apply to backscatter-modulation;
receiving, from the network node, a first reference signal and a second reference signal, wherein a first precoding vector is associated with both the first reference signal and the second reference signal; and
backscattering the first reference signal and the second reference signal in accordance with the frequency shift, wherein the backscattered first reference signal and the backscattered second reference signal are based on the first precoding vector.