Slurry-based dust injection system
A dust injection system for engine testing and related methods are provided. The system includes a carrier pipe that defines a fluid flow path between an inlet and an outlet and an injection nozzle disposed within the carrier pipe between the inlet and the outlet. The injection nozzle receives a slurry comprising dust particulates and a carrier liquid, and injects the dust particulates and the carrier liquid into the fluid flow path. The carrier liquid is atomized and evaporates in the fluid flow path prior to the outlet to enable dried version of the dust particulates to exit the outlet.
1. A dust injection system for engine testing, the system comprising:
a carrier pipe defining a fluid flow path between an inlet and an outlet; and
an injection nozzle disposed within the carrier pipe between the inlet and the outlet,
wherein the injection nozzle receives a slurry comprising dust particulates and a carrier liquid, and injects the dust particulates and carrier liquid into the fluid flow path, and
wherein the carrier liquid is atomized and evaporates in the fluid flow path prior to the outlet to enable a dried version of the dust particulates to exit the outlet.
2. The system of claim 1 wherein the carrier liquid includes one of ethanol, acetone, or isopropyl alcohol.
3. The system of claim 1 wherein a mass ratio of the dust particulates to the carrier liquid in the slurry is in a range of 0.02-0.5.
4. The system of claim 1 wherein the carrier pipe comprises a first section that includes the inlet, a second section that includes the outlet, and a connector between the first section and the second section, wherein the connector includes a support bracket that is coupled to the injection nozzle and positions the injection nozzle within fluid flow path.
5. The system of claim 1 further comprising:
a first gas source coupled to the inlet to provide a gas stream through the fluid flow path; and
a second gas source in fluid communication with the injection nozzle to supply gas to the injection nozzle for use in atomizing the carrier liquid.
6. The system of claim 1 further comprising:
a tank that holds the slurry; and
a pump in fluid communication with the tank and the injection nozzle,
wherein the pump delivers the slurry from the tank to the injection nozzle.
7. The system of claim 6 wherein the pump includes one of a peristaltic pump, a gear pump, a screw pump, or a gas pressurized vessel.
8. The system of claim 6 further comprising a controller that directs a first flow rate of the pump based on a received user input.
9. The system of claim 8 wherein the controller directs the first flow rate to produce a feed rate of the dust particulates in a range of 0.0004-0.01 lbs/min.
10. The system of claim 8 further comprising a sensor electrically coupled to the controller that measures an indication of an amount of the dust particulates flowing through the system, and wherein the controller further directs the first flow rate based on the measured indication of the amount of the dust particulates flowing through the system.
11. The system of claim 10 wherein the sensor comprises a scale, and wherein the indication of the amount of the dust particulates flowing through the system includes a weight of the tank measured by the scale.
12. The system of claim 10 wherein the sensor comprises a dust particulate sensor electrically coupled to the controller and positioned in fluid flow path, and wherein the indication of the amount of the dust particulates flowing through the system includes an amount of the dust particulates detected by the dust particulate sensor.
13. A method for ingestion testing with a dust injection system, the method comprising:
activating a pump to supply a slurry of carrier liquid and dust particulates from a tank to an injection nozzle;
atomizing the carrier liquid; and
injecting the dust particulates and carrier liquid into a fluid flow path defined between an inlet and an outlet of a carrier pipe with the injection nozzle,
wherein the injection nozzle is disposed within the carrier pipe between the inlet and the outlet, and
wherein the carrier liquid evaporates within the fluid flow path upstream of the outlet and exits the outlet in gas form along with the dust particulates.
14. The method of claim 13 further comprising receiving a user input and directing, via a controller, a first flow rate of the pump based on the user input.
15. The method of claim 14 further comprising:
measuring, via a sensor electrically coupled to the controller, an indication of an amount of the dust particulates flowing through the system, and
further directing, via the controller, the first flow rate based on the measured indication of the amount of the dust particulates flowing through the system.
16. The method of claim 15 further comprising:
receiving from the sensor a current weight of the tank as the indication of the amount of the dust particulates flowing through the system;
determining a current rate of change in the weight of the tank over time by comparing the current weight of the tank to one or more previous weights of the tank;
determining a current flow rate of the dust particulates through the system from the current rate of change in the weight of the tank over time; and
altering, via the controller, the first flow rate based on a comparison of the current flow rate of the dust particulates through the system with a desired flow rate of the dust particulates through the system, the desired flow rate of the dust particulates through the system being included with the user input.
17. The method of claim 15 further comprising:
receiving, from the sensor, a current amount of the dust particulates proximate to the outlet as the indication of the amount of the dust particulates flowing through the system;
determining a current flow rate of the dust particulates through the system by comparing the current amount of the dust particulates proximate to the outlet to one or more previous amounts of the dust particulates proximate to the outlet; and
altering, via the controller, the first flow rate based on a comparison of the current flow rate of the dust particulates through the system with a desired flow rate of the dust particulates through the system, the desired flow rate of the dust particulates through the system being included with the user input.
18. A control system for a turbine engine dust testing system, the control system comprising:
a dust injection system that delivers a flow rate of dust to a turbine engine being tested;
a sensor that monitors a parameter indicative of the flow rate of the dust being delivered to the turbine engine; and
a controller that receives a current value of the parameter from the sensor and real-time operating parameter values from the turbine engine, and directs the dust injection system to alter the flow rate of the dust based on the current value of the parameter from the sensor and real-time operating parameter values from the turbine engine;
wherein the dust injection system includes a slurry-based dust feeder that delivers a slurry comprised of the dust and a carrier liquid to an injection nozzle to enable atomization and evaporation of the carrier liquid for delivery of the dust to the turbine engine absent the carrier liquid, and wherein the controller alters the flow rate of the dust by modifying a flow rate of the slurry to the injection nozzle.
19. The control system of claim 18 wherein real-time operating parameter values from the turbine engine include indications of a current power output, air flow rate, and operating condition of the turbine engine, wherein the controller identifies a desired flow rate of the dust is associated with the current power output and operating condition of the turbine engine, uses a current value of the parameter from the sensor to determine a current flow rate of the dust, and wherein, when the controller determines that the current flow rate of the dust differs from the desired flow rate of the dust, the controller determines a new value of the slurry flow rate that would achieve the desire flow rate of the dust and directs the dust injection system to alter the slurry flow rate to conform to the new value.