Electrical machines with segmented inverter components
Electric machines, as well as systems implementing the same and methods of controlling the same, are disclosed. The electric machine includes a stator with a plurality of slots and a plurality of segmented inverter components coupled with the plurality of slots of the stator. Each segmented inverter component has an inverter and a set of windings extending from the inverter. The windings are inserted into a portion of the slots, and each of the segmented inverter components is separately and independently operable.
1 . An electric machine comprising:
a stator comprising a plurality of slots;
a plurality of segmented inverter components coupled with the plurality of slots of the stator, each segmented inverter component comprising:
an inverter, and
a set of coil windings extending from the inverter and configured to be inserted into a portion of the slots, wherein each of the segmented inverter components is separately and independently operable;
a positive DC connection ring configured to electrically couple each of es mented inverter components with a positive DC terminal of an energy source; and
a negative DC connection ring configured to electrically couple each of the segmented inverter components with a negative DC terminal of the energy source.
2 . The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein each of the segmented inverter components comprises:
a printed circuit board (PCB) to which the coil windings are electrically coupled; and
a coolant jacket coupled with the printed circuit board comprising a coolant channel.
3 . The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein each of the segmented inverter components is configured to be removably attached to the stator.
4 . The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein each of the segmented inverter components is configured to be separately powered by a plurality of energy storage devices.
5 . The electric machine of claim 1 , wherein the set of coil windings include at least a first coil winding and a second coil winding each disposed around a common stator tooth such that the first coil winding is disposed distally along the common stator tooth with respect to the second coil winding.
6 . The electric machine of claim 2 , wherein the PCB comprises a plurality of power transistors and control hardware electronics configured to control functionality of the inverter.
7 . The electric machine of claim 5 , wherein the inverter is configured such that the first and second coil windings are capable of forming either (a) a series connection of dual coils or (b) a parallel connection of dual coils.
8 . An electric machine system comprising:
an electric machine comprising,
a stator com turality of slots and
a plurality of segmented inverter components coupled with the plurality of slots of the stator, each segmented inverter component comprising:
an inverter and
a set of coil windings extending from the inverter and configured to be inserted into a portion of the slots, wherein each of the segmented inverter components is separately dependently operable;
a plurality of inverter sub-controllers operatively coupled with the inverters of the plurality of segmented inverter components; and
a master controller operatively coupled with the plurality of inverter sub-controllers and configured to:
receive a torque command for the electric machine,
calculate a number of required inverters to use and a first set of control parameters based on the torque command;
identify a number of available inverters; and
in response to identifying that the number of available inverters is equal to or greater than the number of required inverters, operate, using the inverter sub-controllers, at least a portion of the segmented inverter components with the first set of control parameters to accommodate for the torque command.
9 . The electric machine system of claim 8 , wherein the master controller is configured to:
in response to identifying that the number of available inverters is less than the number of required inverters, calculate a second set of control parameters based on the number of available inverters; and
operate, using the inverter sub-controllers, at least a portion of the segmented inverter components with the second set of control parameters.
10 . The electric machine system of claim 8 , further comprising:
a plurality of energy storage devices operatively coupled with the segmented inverter components such that each of the segmented inverter components is configured to be separately powered by the plurality of energy storage devices.
11 . A method of operating an electric machine, the method comprising:
receiving, by a master controller, a torque command for the electric machine, the electric machine comprising a plurality of segmented inverter components, each comprising an inverter and a set of coil windings extending from the inverter, each of the segmented inverter components being separately and independently operable;
calculating, by the master controller, a number of required inverters to use and a first set of control parameters based on the torque command;
identifying, by the master controller, a number of available inverters;
in response to identifying that the number of available inverters is less than the number of required inverters, calculating a second set of control parameters based on the number of available inverters; and
operating, by the master controller using a plurality of inverter sub-controllers, at least a portion of the segmented inverter components with the second set of control parameters.
12 . The method of claim 11 , further comprising:
operating the inverter to form either (a) a series connection of dual coils or (b) a parallel connection of dual coils based on the torque command.
13 . An electric machine comprising:
a stator comprising a plurality of slots; and
a plurality of segmented inverter components coupled with the plurality of slots of the stator, each segmented inverter component comprising:
an inverter,
a set of coil windings extending from the inverter and configured to be inserted into a portion of the slots, wherein each of the segmented inverter components is separately and independently operable,
a printed circuit board (PCB) to which the coil windings are electrically coupled, and
a coolant jacket coupled with the printed circuit board comprising a coolant channel.
14 . The electric machine of claim 13 , wherein the PCB comprises a plurality of power transistors and control hardware electronics configured to control functionality of the inverter.
15 . An electric machine comprising:
a stator comprising a plurality of slots; and
a plurality of segmented inverter components coupled with the plurality of slots of the stator, each segmented inverter component comprising:
an inverter, and
a set of coil windings extending from the inverter and configured to be inserted into a portion of the slots, wherein each of the segmented inverter components is separately and independently operable;
wherein each of the segmented inverter components is configured to be separately powered by a plurality of energy storage devices.
16 . An electric machine comprising:
a stator comprising a plurality of slots; and
a plurality of segmented inverter components coupled with the plurality of slots of the stator, each segmented inverter component comprising:
an inverter, and
a set of coil windings extending from the inverter and configured to be inserted into a portion of the slots, wherein each of the segmented inverter components is separately and independently operable;
wherein the set of coil windings include at least a first coil winding and a second coil winding each disposed around a common stator tooth such that the first coil winding is disposed distally along the common stator tooth with respect to the second coil winding, and the first and second coil windings are capable of forming either (a) a series connection of dual coils or (b) a parallel connection of dual coils.
17 . An electric machine system comprising:
an electric machine comprising:
a stator comprising a plurality of slots, and
a plurality of segmented inverter components coupled with the plurality of slots of the stator, each segmented inverter component comprising:
an inverter, and
a set of coil windings extending from the inverter and configured to be inserted into a portion of the slots, wherein each of the segmented inverter components is separately and independently operable;
a plurality of inverter sub-controllers operatively coupled with the inverters of the plurality of segmented inverter components;
a master controller operatively coupled with the plurality of inverter sub-controllers; and
a plurality of energy storage devices operatively coupled with the segmented inverter components such that each of the segmented inverter components is configured to be separately powered by the plurality of energy storage devices.
18 . A method of operating an electric machine, the method comprising:
receiving, by a master controller, a torque command for the electric machine, the electric machine comprising a plurality of segmented inverter components, each comprising an inverter and a set of coil windings extending from the inverter, each of the segmented inverter components being separately and independently operable;
calculating, by the master controller, a number of required inverters to use and a first set of control parameters based on the torque command;
identifying, by the master controller, a number of available inverters;
in response to identifying that the number of available inverters is equal to or greater than the number of required inverters, operating, by the master controller using a plurality of inverter sub-controllers, at least a portion of the segmented inverter components with the first set of control parameters to accommodate for the torque command; and
operating the inverter to form either (a) a series connection of dual coils or (b) a parallel connection of dual coils based on the torque command.