Managed pressure drilling manifold and methods
A managed pressure drilling (MPD) manifold has one or more valves that are operable by one or more actuators configured to synchronize the opening of one or more passageways in the valves with the closing of one or more of the other passageways in the valves, in order to minimize the likelihood of error and reduce response time. The valves are configured to transition smoothly between positions without fully blocking fluid flow in the manifold while changing the flow direction. The synchronization may be achieved mechanically, electrically, hydraulic, and/or pneumatically. The actuators may be remotely controlled by a control unit having a processor and control logic software, based on data collected by one or more sensors in the MPD manifold. The positions of the valves of the MPD manifold may be automatically adjusted by the control unit via the actuators.
1. A manifold for use in a managed pressured drilling operation, the manifold comprising:
at least one housing;
a first passageway and a second passageway defined in the at least one housing;
a first valve assembly comprising:
a first valve control mechanism having one body, the one body being in communication with both the first and second passageways, the one body being movable to synchronously open and/or close the first and second passageways, the one body having a first opening and a second opening extending therethrough; and
a first actuator operably coupled to the first valve control mechanism for actuating the first valve control mechanism to transition the first valve assembly between a first position and a second position, wherein
one of:
(i) in the first position, the first passageway is open via the first opening in the one body and the second passageway is blocked by the one body; and in the second position, the first passageway is blocked by the one body and the second passageway is open via the second opening in the one body; and
(ii) in the first position, the first and second passageways are open via the first and second openings, respectively; and in the second position, the first and second passageways are blocked by the one body;
a third passageway and a fourth passageway defined in the at least one housing; and
a second valve assembly comprising:
a second valve control mechanism in communication with the third and fourth passageways, the second valve control mechanism movable to synchronously open and/or close the third and fourth passageways; and
a second actuator operably coupled to the second valve control mechanism for actuating the second valve control mechanism to transition the second valve assembly between a fourth position and a fifth position, wherein
in the third position, the third passageway is open and the fourth passageway is closed; and
in the fourth position, the third passageway is closed and the fourth passageway is open; and
wherein the second actuator is one and the same as the first actuator.
2. The manifold of claim 1 comprising:
a fifth passageway defined in the at least one housing, wherein
the one body is in communication with the fifth passageway, the one body being movable to synchronously open and/or close the first, second, and fifth passageways, the one body having a fifth opening extending therethrough;
the first actuator is operable to actuate the first valve control mechanism to transition the first valve assembly between the first position, the second position, and a fifth position;
in the first position, the first passageway is open via the first opening, and the second and fifth passageways are blocked by the one body;
in the second position, the first and fifth passageways are blocked by the one body, and the second passageway is open via the second opening; and
in the fifth position, the first and second passageways are blocked by the one body, and the third passageways is open via the fifth opening.
3. The manifold of claim 2 , wherein the first, second, and fifth passageways are defined in one of the at least one housing.
4. The manifold of claim 2 comprising:
a sixth passageway defined in the at least one housing; and
a third valve assembly comprising:
a third valve control mechanism in communication with the sixth passageway, the third valve control mechanism movable to open and close the sixth passageway; and
a third actuator operably coupled to the third valve control mechanism for actuating the third valve control mechanism to transition the third valve assembly between a sixth position and a seventh position,
wherein in the sixth position, the sixth passageway is open; and in the seventh position, the sixth passageway is closed.
5. The manifold of claim 4 , wherein the third actuator is one and the same as the first actuator.
6. The manifold of claim 4 , wherein the first actuator and the third actuator are configured to simultaneously actuate the first and third valve control mechanisms, respectively, and the first and third actuators are synchronized mechanically, electrically, hydraulically, pneumatically, or a combination thereof, such that:
when the first and second passageways are open, the sixth passageway is closed; and
when the first and second passageways are closed, the sixth passageway is open.
7. The manifold of claim 4 , wherein the sixth passageway is in communication with the inlet.
8. The manifold of claim 4 , wherein the sixth passageway is in communication with the outlet.
9. The manifold of claim 1 comprising:
a fifth passageway defined in the at least one housing; wherein
the one body is in communication with the fifth passageway, the one body being movable to synchronously open and/or close the first, second, and fifth passageways, the one body having a fifth opening extending therethrough;
the first actuator is operable to actuate the first valve control mechanism to transition the first valve assembly between the first position, the second position, and a fifth position;
in the first position, the first and fifth passageways are open via the first and fifth openings, respectively, and the second passageway is blocked by the one body;
in the second position, the first passageway is blocked by the one body, and the second and fifth passageways are open via the second and fifth openings, respectively; and
in the fifth position, the first and second passageways are open via the first and second openings, respectively, and the fifth passageway is blocked by the one body.
10. The manifold of claim 1 comprising:
a fifth passageway defined in the at least one housing, wherein
the one body is in communication with the fifth passageway, the one body being movable to synchronously open and/or close the first, second, and fifth passageways, the one body having a fifth opening extending therethrough;
the first actuator is operable to actuate the first valve control mechanism to transition the first valve assembly between the first position, the second position, and a fifth position;
in the first position, the first and fifth passageways are open via the first and fifth openings respectively, and the second passageway is blocked by the one body;
in the second position, the first and fifth passageways are blocked by the one body, and the second passageway is open via the second opening; and
the fifth position is the same as the second position.
11. The manifold of claim 1 , wherein actuating the first valve control mechanism comprises moving the one body axially and/or rotationally.
12. The manifold of claim 1 comprising:
a second valve assembly comprising:
a second valve control mechanism in communication with the third and fourth passageways, the second valve control mechanism movable to synchronously open and/or close the third and fourth passageways; and a second actuator operably coupled to the second valve control mechanism for actuating the second valve control mechanism to transition the second valve assembly between a third position and a fourth position, wherein
in the third position, the third and fourth passageways are open; and
in the fourth position, the third and fourth passageways are closed.
13. The manifold of claim 1 , wherein the first valve control mechanism is hydraulically synchronized with the second valve control mechanism such that when the first valve assembly is in the first and second positions, the second valve assembly is in the third and fourth positions, respectively.
14. The manifold of claim 1 , wherein the first actuator and the second actuator are configured to simultaneously actuate the first and second valve control mechanisms, respectively, and the first and second actuators are synchronized mechanically, electrically, hydraulically, pneumatically, or a combination thereof, such that:
when the first and second passageways are open, the third and fourth passageways are closed; and
when the first and second passageways are closed, the third and fourth passageways are open.
15. The manifold of claim 1 comprising:
an inlet; and
a drilling choke,
wherein the first and second passageways are in communication with the inlet; and one of the first and second passageways is in communication with the drilling choke.
16. The manifold of claim 1 comprising:
an inlet; and
a drilling choke,
wherein the first passageway is in communication with the inlet; and the first and second passageways are in communication with the drilling choke.
17. The manifold of claim 1 comprising:
an outlet; and
a flowmeter,
wherein the first passageway is in communication with the flowmeter; and the first and second passageways are in communication with the outlet.
18. The manifold of claim 1 comprising:
an outlet; and
a flowmeter,
wherein the first and second passageways are in communication with the flowmeter; and the second passageway is in communication with the outlet.
19. The manifold of claim 1 , wherein the first actuator is remotely controlled.
20. The manifold of claim 1 , wherein the first actuator is a hydraulic actuator, an electrical actuator, a pneumatic actuator, or a combination thereof.