Porous stabilized beds, methods of manufacture thereof and articles comprising the same
Disclosed herein is a method comprising disposing a first particle in a reactor; the first particle being a magnetic particle or a particle that can be influenced by a magnetic field, an electric field or a combination of an electrical field and a magnetic field; fluidizing the first particle in the reactor; applying a uniform magnetic field, a uniform electrical field or a combination of a uniform magnetic field and a uniform electrical field to the reactor; elevating the temperature of the reactor; and fusing the first particles to form a monolithic solid.
1. A monolithic solid comprising:
a plurality of second particles and a plurality of electrically aligned chains or magnetically aligned chains comprising a plurality of fused first metal particles, wherein the plurality of second particles is present between the electrically aligned chains or magnetically aligned chains,
wherein first metal particles are magnetic particles and the second particles are not magnetic particles;
wherein the first metal particles comprise an alloy magnet, wherein the alloy magnet does not include a rare earth metal, and
the second particle is activated carbon or an inorganic oxide, wherein the inorganic oxide is selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina, zirconia, titania, ceria, iron oxide, and a combination of at least one of the foregoing inorganic oxides.
2. The monolithic solid of claim 1 , wherein the first metal particles comprise iron, cobalt, nickel or a combination comprising at least one of iron, cobalt or nickel.
3. The monolithic solid of claim 1 , wherein the alloy magnet comprises FeOFe 2 O 3 , NiOFe 2 O 3 , CuOFe 2 O 3 , MgOFe 2 O 3 , MnBi, MnSb, MnOFe 2 O, or an alloy comprising the elements aluminum, iron, cobalt and nickel.
4. The monolithic solid of claim 1 , wherein the second particle comprises an inorganic oxide, an inorganic carbide, an inorganic oxycarbide, an inorganic nitride, an inorganic oxynitride, a polymer or a combination thereof.
5. The monolithic solid of claim 1 , wherein the second particle comprises silica or activated carbon.
6. The monolithic solid of claim 1 , wherein the second particle has bulk volume resistivity that is greater than about 1×10 11 ohm-cm.
7. The monolithic solid of claim 1 , wherein the monolithic solid is produced from a mixture of first particles and second particles, wherein the first metal particles are from about 10 wt % to about 90 wt % of the mixture, and the second metal particles are from about 10 wt % to about 90 wt % of the mixture.
8. The monolithic solid of claim 7 , wherein the first metal particles are from about 20 wt % to about 50 wt % of the mixture.
9. The monolithic solid of claim 7 , wherein the second particles are from about 50 wt % to about 80 wt % of the mixture.
10. The monolithic solid of claim 7 , wherein the second particles comprise silica or activated carbon having an average particle size of about 50 micrometers to about 75 micrometers, wherein the second particles are from about 50 wt % to about 80 wt % of the mixture.
11. The monolithic solid of claim 7 , wherein the second particles comprise silica or activated carbon having an average particle size of about 40 micrometers to about 100 micrometers, wherein the first particles are from about 10 wt % to about 90 wt % of the mixture.
12. The monolithic solid of claim 7 , wherein the second particles comprise silica or activated carbon having an average particle size of about 75 micrometers to about 90 micrometers, wherein the first particles are from about 20 wt % to about 50 wt % of the mixture.
13. The monolithic solid of claim 1 , wherein the first metal particles have an average particle size of about 75 micrometers to about 90 micrometers.
14. The monolithic solid of claim 1 , wherein the second particles have an average particle size of about 50 micrometers to about 75 micrometers.
15. An article comprising the monolithic solid of claim 1 .