Supply generator and associated control methods
Described are concepts, circuits, systems and techniques directed toward N-phase control techniques useful in the design and control of supply generators configured for use in a wide variety of power management applications including, but not limited to mobile applications.
1 . A controller for a power converter, the controller comprising:
circuitry configured to control the power converter according to an operating mode selected from a plurality of operating modes, at least one operating mode having at least a first operating phase and a second operating phase, the control including:
turning on one or more first switches of the power converter to implement the first operating phase of the operating mode; and
in response to one or more conditions for transition from the first operating phase of the operating mode to the second operating phase of the operating mode not being met, entering an intermediate operating phase between the first operating phase and the second operating phase by turning on one or more second switches of the power converter; and
in response to one or more conditions for transition to the second operating phase being met, entering the second operating phase by entering a final switch state for a switching cycle.
2 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the one or more first switches include at least one switch also included in the one or more second switches.
3 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the one or more first switches include at least one switch not included in the one or more second switches.
4 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the circuitry is coupled to control individual switches of the plurality.
5 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the one or more first switches and the one or more second switches are part of a magnetic regulation stage of the power converter.
6 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the circuitry is configured to select the operating mode from the plurality of operating modes based on some desired range of voltage conversion ratios.
7 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the circuitry is further configured to select the operating mode from the plurality of operating modes based upon one or more signals.
8 . The controller of claim 7 wherein the one or more signals comprise derived signals.
9 . The controller of claim 7 wherein the one or more signals comprise an input signal to a magnetic regulation stage or an output signal to the magnetic regulation stage.
10 . The controller of claim 7 wherein:
the one or more signals can be voltage signals or current signals, and
the one or more signals can be one of: one or more measured signals, one or more estimated signals, and one or more derived signals.
11 . The controller of claim 10 wherein the one or more derived signals comprise a current signal combined with a compensation signal.
12 . The controller of claim 11 wherein the compensation signal has a ramp shape.
13 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the circuitry is configured to select the operating mode at a start of each switching cycle.
14 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the circuitry is configured to select the operating mode every N switching cycles, where N is an integer greater than one.
15 . The controller of claim 14 wherein selecting the operating mode every N switching cycles comprises using at least one of: one or more input signals, one or more output signals, one or more reference signals, and one or more target signals to make an initial decision as to which operating mode to start in.
16 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the circuitry is configured to select the operating mode on basis that does not correspond to a set number of cycles.
17 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the circuitry is configured to perform one of:
selecting the operating mode and keeping that operating mode for a specified duration; and
selecting the operating mode and keeping that operating mode for a set number of switch cycles.
18 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the circuitry is configured to select the operating mode while considering one or more of: hysteresis of signal voltages, and hysteresis of conversion ratios.
19 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the circuitry is configured to:
select the operating mode; and
place minimum and/or maximum durations for dwelling in the operating mode once it has been selected.
20 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the plurality of operating modes includes at least two of: a buck-derived mode, a boost-derived mode, a buck-boost derived mode, and a bypass mode.
21 . The controller of claim 1 wherein the circuitry is configured to control the power converter using current-mode control with mode transitions.
22 . The controller of claim 21 wherein the circuitry is configured to control the power converter using peak current control for at least one of the plurality of modes, and using valley current control for at least another one of the plurality of modes.
23 . The controller of claim 22 wherein, when using the peak current control, the second operating phase is entered until an end of the cycle in response to an inductor current of the power converter reaching a current based on a target peak current.
24 . The controller of claim 22 wherein, when using the valley current control, the second operating phase is entered until an end of the cycle in response to an inductor current of the power converter reaching a current based on a target valley current.
25 . The controller of claim 21 wherein the circuitry is configured to control the power converter using peak current control if the first operating phase is a di/dt>0 phase.
26 . The controller of claim 21 wherein the circuitry is configured to control the power converter using valley current control if the first operating phase is a di/dt<0 phase.
27 . A method for controlling a power converter configured to operate in a plurality of operating modes, the method comprising:
turning on one or more first switches of the power converter to implement a first operating phase of an operating mode selected from the plurality of operating modes; and
in response to one or more conditions for transition from the first operating phase of the operating mode to a second operating phase of the operating mode not being met, entering an intermediate operating phase between the first operating phase and the second operating phase by turning on one or more second switches of the power converter; and
in response to one or more conditions for transition to the second operating phase being met, entering the second operating phase by entering a final switch state for a switching cycle.
28 . The method of claim 27 wherein the one or more first switches include at least one switch also included in the one or more second switches.
29 . The method of claim 27 wherein the one or more first switches include at least one switch not included in the one or more second switches.
30 . The method of claim 27 wherein the one or more first switches and the one or more second switches are part of a magnetic regulation stage of the power converter.
31 . The method of claim 27 further comprising selecting the operating mode from the plurality of operating modes based on some desired range of voltage conversion ratios.
32 . The method of claim 27 further comprising selecting the operating mode from the plurality of operating modes based upon one or more signals.
33 . The method of claim 32 wherein the one or more signals comprise derived signals.
34 . The method of claim 32 wherein the one or more signals comprise an input signal to a magnetic regulation stage or an output signal to the magnetic regulation stage.
35 . The method of claim 32 wherein:
the one or more signals can be voltage signals or current signals, and
the one or more signals can be one of: one or more measured signals, one or more estimated signals, and one or more derived signals.
36 . The method of claim 35 wherein the one or more derived signals comprise a current signal combined with a compensation signal.
37 . The method of claim 36 wherein the compensation signal has a ramp shape.
38 . The method of claim 27 further comprising selecting the operating mode at a start of each switching cycle.
39 . The method of claim 27 further comprising selecting the operating mode every N switching cycles, where N is an integer greater than one.
40 . The method of claim 39 wherein selecting the operating mode every N switching cycles comprises using at least one of: one or more input signals, one or more output signals, one or more reference signals, and one or more target signals to make an initial decision as to which operating mode to start in.
41 . The method of claim 27 further comprising selecting the operating mode on basis that does not correspond to a set number of cycles.
42 . The method of claim 27 further comprising one of:
selecting the operating mode and keeping that operating mode for a specified duration; and
selecting the operating mode and keeping that operating mode for a set number of switch cycles.
43 . The method of claim 27 further comprising selecting the operating mode while considering one or more of: hysteresis of signal voltages, and hysteresis of conversion ratios.
44 . The method of claim 27 further comprising:
selecting the operating mode; and
placing minimum and/or maximum durations for dwelling in the operating mode once it has been selected.
45 . The method of claim 27 wherein the plurality of operating modes includes at least two of: a buck-derived mode, a boost-derived mode, a buck-boost derived mode, and a bypass mode.
46 . The method of claim 27 further comprising controlling the power converter using current-mode control with mode transitions.
47 . The method of claim 46 further comprising controlling the power converter using peak current control for at least one of the plurality of modes, and using valley current control for at least another one of the plurality of modes.
48 . The method of claim 47 wherein, when using the peak current control, the second operating phase is entered until an end of the cycle in response to an inductor current of the power converter reaching a current based on a target peak current.
49 . The method of claim 47 wherein, when using the valley current control, the second operating phase is entered until an end of the cycle in response to an inductor current of the power converter reaching a current based on a target valley current.
50 . The method of claim 46 further comprising controlling the power converter using peak current control if the first operating phase is a di/dt>0 phase.
51 . The method of claim 46 further comprising controlling the power converter using valley current control if the first operating phase is a di/dt<0 phase.